Aggressive Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

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DLBCL, untreated

ACVBP-R

ACVBP-R: Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, Vindesine, Bleomycin, Prednisone, Rituximab

Synonyms: R-ACVBP

Structured Concept: none

Level of Evidence: Phase III Improved OS Increased toxicity

Induction Regimen

14-day cycles x 4 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) 300 mcg (for patients <75 kg) or 480 mcg (for patients at least 75 kg) SC once per day on days 6 to 13

Consolidation Regimen

Supportive medications:

14-day cycles x 2 cycles, beginning 4 weeks after completion of induction, then

14-day cycles x 4 cycles, beginning 2 weeks after completion of MTX, then

14-day cycles x 2 cycles, beginning 2 weeks after completion of REI

References

  1. Récher C, Coiffier B, Haioun C, Molina TJ, Fermé C, Casasnovas O, Thiéblemont C, Bosly A, Laurent G, Morschhauser F, Ghesquières H, Jardin F, Bologna S, Fruchart C, Corront B, Gabarre J, Bonnet C, Janvier M, Canioni D, Jais JP, Salles G, Tilly H; Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. Intensified chemotherapy with ACVBP plus rituximab versus standard CHOP plus rituximab for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (LNH03-2B): an open-label randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2011 Nov 26;378(9806):1858-67. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

CDOP

CDOP: Cyclophosphamide, Doxil, Oncovin, Prednisone

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

References

  1. Martino R, Perea G, Caballero MD, Mateos MV, Ribera JM, de Oteyza JP, Arranz R, Terol MJ, Sierra J, San Miguel JF. Cyclophosphamide, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx), vincristine and prednisone (CCOP) in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results from a prospective phase II study. Haematologica. 2002 Aug;87(8):822-7. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

CHOP

CHOP: Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone

Synonyms: CHOP-21, ACOP, CAVP, COPA, VACP, VCAP

Structured Concept: C9549 (NCI-T), C0055598 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen #1, Elias et al. 1978; Jones et al. 1979; Fisher et al. 1993; Miller et al. 1998

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 8 cycles

Regimen #2, Pfreundschuh et al. 2004 (NHL-B1) & Verdonck et al. 2007

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

Supportive medications (only listed in Pfreundschuh et al. 2004):

  • At the discretion of ordering physician: Filgrastim (Neupogen) 300 mcg (for patients <75 kg) or 480 mcg (for patients at least 75 kg) SC once per day on days 4 to 13

Regimen #3, Miller et al. 1998 - CHOP-21 & radiation

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 3 cycles, then followed by radiation therapy

Radiation therapy, starting 3 weeks after cycle 3 of CHOP:

  • Involved field radiation therapy, 180-200 cGy fractions, total dose of 4000-5500 cGy. Total dose was often influenced by whether patients had clinical evidence of residual disease after 4000 cGy.

Regimen #4, Coiffier et al. 2002 (LNH-98.5)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) used for later cycles if patients developed grade 4 neutropenia or febrile neutropenia

Regimen #5, Habermann et al. 2006 (CALGB 9793)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

Regimen #6, Pfreundschuh et al. 2004 (NHL-B2)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Pre-phase treatment

Recommended "to improve the performance status of patients and to ameliorate side-effects of the first chemotherapy cycle."

7-day course, then proceed to main regimen

Main CHOP regimen

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

Supportive medications

Radiation therapy for initial bulky disease

"Initial bulky disease": patients with "lymphoma masses or conglomerates with a diameter ≥7.5 cm) or extranodal involvement"

  • Radiation therapy, 36 Gy to areas of initial bulky disease

References

  1. Elias L, Portlock CS, Rosenberg SA. Combination chemotherapy of diffuse histiocytic lymphoma with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP). Cancer. 1978 Oct;42(4):1705-10. contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Jones SE, Grozea PN, Metz EN, Haut A, Stephens RL, Morrison FS, Butler JJ, Byrne GE Jr, Moon TE, Fisher R, Haskins CL, Coltman CA Jr. Superiority of adriamycin-containing combination chemotherapy in the treatment of diffuse lymphoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study. Cancer. 1979 Feb;43(2):417-25. contains verified protocol PubMed
  3. Fisher RI, Gaynor ER, Dahlberg S, Oken MM, Grogan TM, Mize EM, Glick JH, Coltman CA Jr, Miller TP. Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1993 Apr 8;328(14):1002-6. link to original article PubMed
  4. Miller TP, Dahlberg S, Cassady JR, Adelstein DJ, Spier CM, Grogan TM, LeBlanc M, Carlin S, Chase E, Fisher RI. Chemotherapy alone compared with chemotherapy plus radiotherapy for localized intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1998 Jul 2;339(1):21-6. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  5. Coiffier B, Lepage E, Briere J, Herbrecht R, Tilly H, Bouabdallah R, Morel P, Van Den Neste E, Salles G, Gaulard P, Reyes F, Lederlin P, Gisselbrecht C. CHOP chemotherapy plus rituximab compared with CHOP alone in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jan 24;346(4):235-42. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  6. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Kloess M, Schmits R, Feller AC, Rudolph C, Reiser M, Hossfeld DK, Metzner B, Hasenclever D, Schmitz N, Glass B, Rübe C, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group. Two-weekly or 3-weekly CHOP chemotherapy with or without etoposide for the treatment of young patients with good-prognosis (normal LDH) aggressive lymphomas: results of the NHL-B1 trial of the DSHNHL. Blood. 2004 Aug 1;104(3):626-33. Epub 2004 Feb 24. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  7. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Kloess M, Schmits R, Feller AC, Rübe C, Rudolph C, Reiser M, Hossfeld DK, Eimermacher H, Hasenclever D, Schmitz N, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group. Two-weekly or 3-weekly CHOP chemotherapy with or without etoposide for the treatment of elderly patients with aggressive lymphomas: results of the NHL-B2 trial of the DSHNHL. Blood. 2004 Aug 1;104(3):634-41. Epub 2004 Mar 11. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  8. Update: Feugier P, Van Hoof A, Sebban C, Solal-Celigny P, Bouabdallah R, Fermé C, Christian B, Lepage E, Tilly H, Morschhauser F, Gaulard P, Salles G, Bosly A, Gisselbrecht C, Reyes F, Coiffier B. Long-term results of the R-CHOP study in the treatment of elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a study by the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jun 20;23(18):4117-26. link to original article contains protocol PubMed
  9. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Osterborg A, Pettengell R, Trneny M, Imrie K, Ma D, Gill D, Walewski J, Zinzani PL, Stahel R, Kvaloy S, Shpilberg O, Jaeger U, Hansen M, Lehtinen T, López-Guillermo A, Corrado C, Scheliga A, Milpied N, Mendila M, Rashford M, Kuhnt E, Loeffler M; MabThera International Trial Group. CHOP-like chemotherapy plus rituximab versus CHOP-like chemotherapy alone in young patients with good-prognosis diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma: a randomised controlled trial by the MabThera International Trial (MInT) Group. Lancet Oncol. 2006 May;7(5):379-91. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  10. Habermann TM, Weller EA, Morrison VA, Gascoyne RD, Cassileth PA, Cohn JB, Dakhil SR, Woda B, Fisher RI, Peterson BA, Horning SJ. Rituximab-CHOP versus CHOP alone or with maintenance rituximab in older patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jul 1;24(19):3121-7. Epub 2006 Jun 5. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  11. Bonnet C, Fillet G, Mounier N, Ganem G, Molina TJ, Thiéblemont C, Fermé C, Quesnel B, Martin C, Gisselbrecht C, Tilly H, Reyes F; Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. CHOP alone compared with CHOP plus radiotherapy for localized aggressive lymphoma in elderly patients: a study by the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Mar 1;25(7):787-92. Epub 2007 Jan 16. link to original article contains protocol PubMed
  12. Verdonck LF, Notenboom A, de Jong DD, MacKenzie MA, Verhoef GE, Kramer MH, Ossenkoppele GJ, Doorduijn JK, Sonneveld P, van Imhoff GW. Intensified 12-week CHOP (I-CHOP) plus G-CSF compared with standard 24-week CHOP (CHOP-21) for patients with intermediate-risk aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3 trial of the Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology Cooperative Group (HOVON). Blood. 2007 Apr 1;109(7):2759-66. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  13. Update: Coiffier B, Thieblemont C, Van Den Neste E, Lepeu G, Plantier I, Castaigne S, Lefort S, Marit G, Macro M, Sebban C, Belhadj K, Bordessoule D, Fermé C, Tilly H. Long-term outcome of patients in the LNH-98.5 trial, the first randomized study comparing rituximab-CHOP to standard CHOP chemotherapy in DLBCL patients: a study by the Groupe d'Etudes des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. Blood. 2010 Sep 23;116(12):2040-5. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  14. Update: Pfreundschuh M, Kuhnt E, Trümper L, Osterborg A, Trneny M, Shepherd L, Gill DS, Walewski J, Pettengell R, Jaeger U, Zinzani PL, Shpilberg O, Kvaloy S, de Nully Brown P, Stahel R, Milpied N, López-Guillermo A, Poeschel V, Grass S, Loeffler M, Murawski N; MabThera International Trial (MInT) Group. CHOP-like chemotherapy with or without rituximab in young patients with good-prognosis diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma: 6-year results of an open-label randomised study of the MabThera International Trial (MInT) Group. Lancet Oncol. 2011 Oct;12(11):1013-22. link to original article contains protocol PubMed
  15. Update: Mounier N, Heutte N, Thieblemont C, Briere J, Gaulard P, Feugier P, Ghesquieres H, Van Den Neste E, Robu D, Tilly H, Bouabdallah R, Safar V, Coiffier B; Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA). Ten-year relative survival and causes of death in elderly patients treated with R-CHOP or CHOP in the GELA LNH-985 trial. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2012 Jun;12(3):151-4. Epub 2012 Feb 1. link to original article PubMed

CHOP Intensified

CHOP-DI: Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone, Dose Intense
I-CHOP: Intensified Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone

Synonyms: CHOP-14, CHOP-DI, I-CHOP

Structured Concept: none

Regimen #1, Blayney et al. 2003 - CHOP-DI, SWOG 9349

Level of Evidence: Phase II

14-day cycles x up to 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

Regimen #2, Verdonck et al. 2007 (I-CHOP)

Level of Evidence: Phase III Equivalent OS Increased toxicity

14-day cycles x 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

Regimen #3, Pfreundschuh et al. 2004 (NHL-B2, CHOP-14) & Pfreundschuh et al. 2008 (RICOVER-60)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Pre-phase treatment

Recommended in Pfreundschuh et al. 2004, but mandatory in Pfreundschuh et al. 2008 "to improve the performance status of patients and to ameliorate side-effects of the first chemotherapy cycle." A difference was that the prednisone in Pfreundschuh et al. 2004 could be given for 5 to 7 days.

7-day course, then proceed to main CHOP-14 regimen

Main CHOP-14 regimen

14-day cycles x 6 cycles; some patients in Pfreundschuh et al. 2008 received 14-day cycles x 8 cycles

Supportive medications (per Pfreundschuh et al. 2004):

  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) 300 mcg (for patients <75 kg) or 480 mcg (for patients at least 75 kg) SC once per day on days 4 to 13

Radiation therapy for initial bulky disease

"Initial bulky disease": patients with "lymphoma masses or conglomerates with a diameter ≥7.5 cm) or extranodal involvement"

  • Radiation therapy, 36 Gy to areas of initial bulky disease

References

  1. Blayney DW, LeBlanc ML, Grogan T, Gaynor ER, Chapman RA, Spiridonidis CH, Taylor SA, Bearman SI, Miller TP, Fisher RI; Southwest Oncology Group. Dose-intense chemotherapy every 2 weeks with dose-intense cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone may improve survival in intermediate- and high-grade lymphoma: a phase II study of the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG 9349). J Clin Oncol. 2003 Jul 1;21(13):2466-73. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Kloess M, Schmits R, Feller AC, Rudolph C, Reiser M, Hossfeld DK, Metzner B, Hasenclever D, Schmitz N, Glass B, Rübe C, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group. Two-weekly or 3-weekly CHOP chemotherapy with or without etoposide for the treatment of young patients with good-prognosis (normal LDH) aggressive lymphomas: results of the NHL-B1 trial of the DSHNHL. Blood. 2004 Aug 1;104(3):626-33. Epub 2004 Feb 24. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  3. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Kloess M, Schmits R, Feller AC, Rübe C, Rudolph C, Reiser M, Hossfeld DK, Eimermacher H, Hasenclever D, Schmitz N, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group. Two-weekly or 3-weekly CHOP chemotherapy with or without etoposide for the treatment of elderly patients with aggressive lymphomas: results of the NHL-B2 trial of the DSHNHL. Blood. 2004 Aug 1;104(3):634-41. Epub 2004 Mar 11. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  4. Verdonck LF, Notenboom A, de Jong DD, MacKenzie MA, Verhoef GE, Kramer MH, Ossenkoppele GJ, Doorduijn JK, Sonneveld P, van Imhoff GW. Intensified 12-week CHOP (I-CHOP) plus G-CSF compared with standard 24-week CHOP (CHOP-21) for patients with intermediate-risk aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3 trial of the Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology Cooperative Group (HOVON). Blood. 2007 Apr 1;109(7):2759-66. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  5. Pfreundschuh M, Schubert J, Ziepert M, Schmits R, Mohren M, Lengfelder E, Reiser M, Nickenig C, Clemens M, Peter N, Bokemeyer C, Eimermacher H, Ho A, Hoffmann M, Mertelsmann R, Trümper L, Balleisen L, Liersch R, Metzner B, Hartmann F, Glass B, Poeschel V, Schmitz N, Ruebe C, Feller AC, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Six versus eight cycles of bi-weekly CHOP-14 with or without rituximab in elderly patients with aggressive CD20+ B-cell lymphomas: a randomised controlled trial (RICOVER-60). Lancet Oncol. 2008 Feb;9(2):105-16. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

CHOP Modified

CHOP: Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

This regimen is designed for elderly patients and is of lower intensity than standard CHOP.

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

References

  1. Bessell EM, Burton A, Haynes AP, Glaholm J, Child JA, Cullen MH, Davies JM, Smith GM, Ellis IO, Jack A, Jones EL; Central Lymphoma Group UK. A randomised multicentre trial of modified CHOP versus MCOP in patients aged 65 years and over with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2003 Feb;14(2):258-67. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

CHOPE, CHOEP

CHOPE: Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone, Etoposide
CHOEP: Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Etoposide, Prednisone

Synonyms: CHOEP, VAC0P

Structured Concept: C9702 (NCI-T), C0212922(NCI-MT/UMLS)

Example orders

Regimen, Pfreundschuh et al. 2004 (NHL-B2)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

14 or 21-day cycles x 6 cycles, next cycle to start as long as WBC is >2.5 and platelets >80

  • CHOEP-14 uses 14-day cycles; CHOEP-21 uses 21-day cycles

Supportive medications:

  • For 14-day cycles: Filgrastim (Neupogen) 300 mcg (for patients <75 kg) or 480 mcg (for patients at least 75 kg) SC once per day on days 4 to 13
  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) use for 21-day cycles is by discretion of ordering physician

References

  1. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Kloess M, Schmits R, Feller AC, Rudolph C, Reiser M, Hossfeld DK, Metzner B, Hasenclever D, Schmitz N, Glass B, Rübe C, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group. Two-weekly or 3-weekly CHOP chemotherapy with or without etoposide for the treatment of young patients with good-prognosis (normal LDH) aggressive lymphomas: results of the NHL-B1 trial of the DSHNHL. Blood. 2004 Aug 1;104(3):626-33. Epub 2004 Feb 24. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Kloess M, Schmits R, Feller AC, Rübe C, Rudolph C, Reiser M, Hossfeld DK, Eimermacher H, Hasenclever D, Schmitz N, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group. Two-weekly or 3-weekly CHOP chemotherapy with or without etoposide for the treatment of elderly patients with aggressive lymphomas: results of the NHL-B2 trial of the DSHNHL. Blood. 2004 Aug 1;104(3):634-41. Epub 2004 Mar 11. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

CNOP, MCOP

CNOP: Cyclophosphamide, Novantrone, Oncovin, Prednisone MCOP: Mitoxantrone, Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, Prednisone

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

References

  1. Bessell EM, Burton A, Haynes AP, Glaholm J, Child JA, Cullen MH, Davies JM, Smith GM, Ellis IO, Jack A, Jones EL; Central Lymphoma Group UK. A randomised multicentre trial of modified CHOP versus MCOP in patients aged 65 years and over with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2003 Feb;14(2):258-67. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

DA-EPOCH

DA-EPOCH: Dose Adjusted Etoposide, Prednisone, Oncovin, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin

Synonyms: CHEOP

Structured Concept: C63779 (NCI-T), C1880475 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen, Wilson et al. 2002 - dose-adjusted EPOCH (DA-EPOCH)

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Supportive medications:

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

Dose-adjustments for EPOCH protocol:

  • Start cycle 1 as described above.
  • Obtain CBCs twice per week for nadir measurements.
  • If nadir ANC >500, increase etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by 20% compared to previous cycle.
  • If nadir ANC <500 on 1 or 2 measurements, use same doses as last cycle.
  • If nadir ANC <500 on at least 3 measurements, decrease etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by 20% compared to previous cycle.
  • And/or if nadir platelet count <25 on at least 1 measurement, decrease etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by 20% compared to previous cycle.
  • Dose adjustments below the cycle 1 starting dose only applies to cyclophosphamide. The lowest etoposide and doxorubicin would be dosed at is the original cycle 1 dose.
  • Can start new cycle every 21 days if ANC >1,000 and platelets >100. If counts are below those levels, check daily CBC and continue growth factor support until counts are adequate and next cycle can start.

References

  1. Wilson WH, Grossbard ML, Pittaluga S, Cole D, Pearson D, Drbohlav N, Steinberg SM, Little RF, Janik J, Gutierrez M, Raffeld M, Staudt L, Cheson BD, Longo DL, Harris N, Jaffe ES, Chabner BA, Wittes R, Balis F. Dose-adjusted EPOCH chemotherapy for untreated large B-cell lymphomas: a pharmacodynamic approach with high efficacy. Blood. 2002 Apr 15;99(8):2685-93. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

DA-R-EPOCH

DA-R-EPOCH: Dose Adjusted Rituximab, Etoposide, Prednisone, Oncovin, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin

Synonyms: DA-EPOCH-R, EPOCH-R, REPOCH

Structured Concept: C63461 (NCI-T), C1882521 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SQ once per day, starting on day 6 and continuing until ANC >5,000/uL past nadir
  • PCP prophylaxis with any one of the following:
  • Only in García-Suárez et al. 2007: Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) 2.25 ug/kg SC when hemoglobin concentration was ≤100 g/l.

Dose-adjustments for EPOCH protocol:

  • Start cycle 1 as described above.
  • Obtain CBCs twice per week for nadir measurements.
  • If nadir ANC >500, increase etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by 20% compared to previous cycle.
  • If nadir ANC <500 on 1 or 2 measurements, use same doses as last cycle.
  • If nadir ANC <500 on at least 3 measurements, decrease etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by 20% compared to previous cycle.
  • And/or if nadir platelet count <25 on at least 1 measurement, decrease etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by 20% compared to previous cycle.
  • Dose adjustments below the cycle 1 starting dose only applies to cyclophosphamide. The lowest etoposide and doxorubicin would be dosed at is the original cycle 1 dose.
  • Can start new cycle every 21 days if ANC >1,000 and platelets >100. If counts are below those levels, check daily CBC and continue growth factor support until counts are adequate and next cycle can start.

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • EITHER Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 mcg/kg SQ once per day, starting 24 hours after EPOCH is completed and continuing until "neutrophil recovery"--no absolute count specified
  • OR Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) 6 mg SC x1 24 hours after EPOCH is completed
  • Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) 160/800 mg PO 3x per week (e.g. Monday, Wednesday, Friday)
  • Fluconazole (Diflucan) 100 mg PO once per day
  • Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 500 mg PO BID, starting on day 8 and to continue to at least day 15 or postnadir ANC of at least 1000
    • Other fluoroquinolone can be used at discretion of physician

References

  1. García-Suárez J, Bañas H, Arribas I, De Miguel D, Pascual T, Burgaleta C. Dose-adjusted EPOCH plus rituximab is an effective regimen in patients with poor-prognostic untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results from a prospective observational study. Br J Haematol. 2007 Jan;136(2):276-85. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Wilson WH, Dunleavy K, Pittaluga S, Hegde U, Grant N, Steinberg SM, Raffeld M, Gutierrez M, Chabner BA, Staudt L, Jaffe ES, Janik JE. Phase II study of dose-adjusted EPOCH and rituximab in untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with analysis of germinal center and post-germinal center biomarkers. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jun 1;26(16):2717-24. link to original article PubMed
  3. Wilson WH, Jung SH, Porcu P, Hurd D, Johnson J, Martin SE, Czuczman M, Lai R, Said J, Chadburn A, Jones D, Dunleavy K, Canellos G, Zelenetz AD, Cheson BD, Hsi ED; Cancer Leukemia Group B. A Cancer and Leukemia Group B multi-center study of DA-EPOCH-rituximab in untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with analysis of outcome by molecular subtype. Haematologica. 2012 May;97(5):758-65. Epub 2011 Dec 1. link to original article PubMed

MACOP-B

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

To be completed

References

  1. Klimo P, Connors JM. MACOP-B chemotherapy for the treatment of diffuse large-cell lymphoma. Ann Intern Med. 1985 May;102(5):596-602. link to original article PubMed
  2. Fisher RI, Gaynor ER, Dahlberg S, Oken MM, Grogan TM, Mize EM, Glick JH, Coltman CA Jr, Miller TP. Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1993 Apr 8;328(14):1002-6. link to original article PubMed


m-BACOD

m-BACOD: methotrexate (moderate dose), Bleomycin, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), Dexamethasone

Structured Concept: C63458 (NCI-T), C1883662 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Dose adjustments:

  • If nadir WBC <1,000 or nadir platelets <50,000: 50% of cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin
  • If WBC <1,000, platelets <50,000, or creatinine >50% of baseline on day of treatment, methotrexate was omitted

21-day cycles x 10 cycles

Supportive medications: none reported

References

  1. Shipp MA, Yeap BY, Harrington DP, Klatt MM, Pinkus GS, Jochelson MS, Rosenthal DS, Skarin AT, Canellos GP. The m-BACOD combination chemotherapy regimen in large-cell lymphoma: analysis of the completed trial and comparison with the M-BACOD regimen. J Clin Oncol. 1990 Jan;8(1):84-93. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Fisher RI, Gaynor ER, Dahlberg S, Oken MM, Grogan TM, Mize EM, Glick JH, Coltman CA Jr, Miller TP. Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1993 Apr 8;328(14):1002-6. link to original article PubMed

ProMACE-CytaBOM

ProMACE-CytaBOM: Prolix (prednisone), Methotrexate, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Cytarabine, Bleomycin, Oncovin (vincristine), Methotrexate

Structured Concept: C63460 (NCI-T), C1882461 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Dose adjustments:

  • "If WBC is ≥4,000, use 100% doses of all drugs
  • If WBC count is 3,000 to 3,999, 100% prednisone, bleomycin, vincristine, cytarabine, and methotrexate; 75% cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, and etoposide
  • If WBC count is 2,000 to 2,999, 100% prednisone, bleomycin, vincristine, and methotrexate; 75% etoposide, cytarabine; 50% cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin
  • If WBC count is 1,000 to 1,999, 100% prednisone, bleomycin, vincristine and methotrexate; 25% cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, etoposide, and cytarabine
  • If WBC count is 0 to 999, 100% prednisone, vincristine, and bleomycin; 50% methotrexate, no other drugs
  • If platelet count is ≥100,000, use 100% doses of all drugs
  • If platelet count is 50,000 to 99,000, 100% prednisone, bleomycin, vincristine, and methotrexate; 50% etoposide and cytarabine; 25% cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin
  • If platelet count is 0 to 49,000, 100% prednisone, bleomycin, and vincristine; 50% methotrexate, no other drugs"

21-day cycles x 6 cycles or 2 cycles after maximum clinical response

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Longo DL, DeVita VT Jr, Duffey PL, Wesley MN, Ihde DC, Hubbard SM, Gilliom M, Jaffe ES, Cossman J, Fisher RI et al. Superiority of ProMACE-CytaBOM over ProMACE-MOPP in the treatment of advanced diffuse aggressive lymphoma: results of a prospective randomized trial. J Clin Oncol. 1991 Jan;9(1):25-38. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol 1991 Apr;9(4):710. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Fisher RI, Gaynor ER, Dahlberg S, Oken MM, Grogan TM, Mize EM, Glick JH, Coltman CA Jr, Miller TP. Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1993 Apr 8;328(14):1002-6. link to original article PubMed

R-CDOP

R-CDOP: Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxil, Oncovin, Prednisone

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Only the dose of liposomal doxorubicin and number of cycles used was specified in the abstract. The doses of the other medications and schedule are provided based on the standard R-CHOP regimen, whose references can be found on this page.

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

References

  1. Zaja F, Tomadini V, Zaccaria A, Lenoci M, Battista M, Molinari AL, Fabbri A, Battista R, Cabras MG, Gallamini A, Fanin R. CHOP-rituximab with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for the treatment of elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2006 Oct;47(10):2174-80. link to original article PubMed

R-CEOP

R-CEOP: Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Oncovin, Prednisone

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Retrospective

This regimen is intended for patients with a contraindication to anthracyclines. Only the dose of etoposide and number of cycles used was specified in the abstract. The doses of the other medications and schedule are provided based on the standard R-CHOP regimen, whose references can be found on this page.

21-day cycles x 3 to 4 cycles +/- radiation therapy for patients with limited stage disease; 6 cycles for patients with advanced stage disease

References

  1. Moccia, Alden A., Schaff, Kimberly, Hoskins, Paul, Klasa, Richard, Savage, Kerry J., Shenkier, Tamara, Gascoyne, Randy D., Connors, Joseph M., Sehn, Laurie H. R-CHOP with Etoposide Substituted for Doxorubicin (R-CEOP): Excellent Outcome in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma for Patients with a Contraindication to Anthracyclines. ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts 2009 114: 408 link to abstract

R-CHOEP-14

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

To be completed

References

  1. Schmitz N, Nickelsen M, Ziepert M, Haenel M, Borchmann P, Schmidt C, Viardot A, Bentz M, Peter N, Ehninger G, Doelken G, Ruebe C, Truemper L, Rosenwald A, Pfreundschuh M, Loeffler M, Glass B; for the German High-Grade Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Conventional chemotherapy (CHOEP-14) with rituximab or high-dose chemotherapy (MegaCHOEP) with rituximab for young, high-risk patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma: an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial (DSHNHL 2002-1). Lancet Oncol. 2012 Dec;13(12):1250-1259. Epub 2012 Nov 16. PubMed

R-CHOP

R-CHOP: Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone

Synonyms: R-CHOP-21, CHOP-R

Structured Concept: C9760 (NCI-T), C0393023 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen #1, Coiffier et al. 2002 (LNH-98.5); Delarue et al. 2013 (LNH03-6B)

Level of Evidence: Phase III Mixed OS Similar toxicity

21-day cycles x 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) used for later cycles if patients developed grade 4 neutropenia or febrile neutropenia

Neuromeningeal prophylaxis

As described in Delarue et al. 2013 (LNH03-6B):

Regimen #2, Pfreundschuh et al. 2006 & 2011 (MInT)

Level of Evidence: Phase III Improved OS Similar toxicity

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

Regimen #3, Habermann et al. 2006 (CALGB 9793)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Supportive medications:

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

Regimen #4, Merli et al. 2012 (ANZINTER3)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Prophylactic G-CSF used for persisting grade 4 neutropenia or febrile neutropenia.
  • Cotrimoxazole (dose/route/schedule not specified) prophylaxis.
  • Erythropoietin use was allowed for hemoglobin <11 g/dL.

Radiation therapy

"At the end of chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT) was scheduled for sites of previous bulky disease or partially responding sites."

Regimen #5, Cunningham et al. 2013

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Note: Cunningham et al. 2013 said that it based its regimen on Coiffier et al. 2002, but notably it uses prednisolone instead of prednisone.

21-day cycles x 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Lenograstim (Granocyte) (dose/route not specified) given on days 4 to 12 at physician discretion
  • Allopurinol (Aloprim) 300 mg PO once per day during cycle 1
  • Co-trimoxazole 480 mg (route not specified) BID on 3 days per week, taken throughout therapy, ending 2 weeks after chemotherapy is completed

CNS prophylaxis

Per investigator discretion, but Cunningham et al. 2013 recommended that patients who had involvement of the "bone marrow, peripheral blood, nasal or paranasal sinuses, orbit, and testis" (they probably intended to say "or testis") receive:

  • Methotrexate (MTX) 12.5 mg IT "for the first three cycles of treatment, administered as per local guidelines." No other details given.

References

  1. Coiffier B, Lepage E, Briere J, Herbrecht R, Tilly H, Bouabdallah R, Morel P, Van Den Neste E, Salles G, Gaulard P, Reyes F, Lederlin P, Gisselbrecht C. CHOP chemotherapy plus rituximab compared with CHOP alone in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jan 24;346(4):235-42. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Update: Feugier P, Van Hoof A, Sebban C, Solal-Celigny P, Bouabdallah R, Fermé C, Christian B, Lepage E, Tilly H, Morschhauser F, Gaulard P, Salles G, Bosly A, Gisselbrecht C, Reyes F, Coiffier B. Long-term results of the R-CHOP study in the treatment of elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a study by the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jun 20;23(18):4117-26. link to original article contains protocol PubMed
  3. Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Osterborg A, Pettengell R, Trneny M, Imrie K, Ma D, Gill D, Walewski J, Zinzani PL, Stahel R, Kvaloy S, Shpilberg O, Jaeger U, Hansen M, Lehtinen T, López-Guillermo A, Corrado C, Scheliga A, Milpied N, Mendila M, Rashford M, Kuhnt E, Loeffler M; MabThera International Trial Group. CHOP-like chemotherapy plus rituximab versus CHOP-like chemotherapy alone in young patients with good-prognosis diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma: a randomised controlled trial by the MabThera International Trial (MInT) Group. Lancet Oncol. 2006 May;7(5):379-91. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  4. Habermann TM, Weller EA, Morrison VA, Gascoyne RD, Cassileth PA, Cohn JB, Dakhil SR, Woda B, Fisher RI, Peterson BA, Horning SJ. Rituximab-CHOP versus CHOP alone or with maintenance rituximab in older patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jul 1;24(19):3121-7. Epub 2006 Jun 5. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  5. Update: Coiffier B, Thieblemont C, Van Den Neste E, Lepeu G, Plantier I, Castaigne S, Lefort S, Marit G, Macro M, Sebban C, Belhadj K, Bordessoule D, Fermé C, Tilly H. Long-term outcome of patients in the LNH-98.5 trial, the first randomized study comparing rituximab-CHOP to standard CHOP chemotherapy in DLBCL patients: a study by the Groupe d'Etudes des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. Blood. 2010 Sep 23;116(12):2040-5. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed content property of HemOnc.org
  6. Update: Pfreundschuh M, Kuhnt E, Trümper L, Osterborg A, Trneny M, Shepherd L, Gill DS, Walewski J, Pettengell R, Jaeger U, Zinzani PL, Shpilberg O, Kvaloy S, de Nully Brown P, Stahel R, Milpied N, López-Guillermo A, Poeschel V, Grass S, Loeffler M, Murawski N; MabThera International Trial (MInT) Group. CHOP-like chemotherapy with or without rituximab in young patients with good-prognosis diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma: 6-year results of an open-label randomised study of the MabThera International Trial (MInT) Group. Lancet Oncol. 2011 Oct;12(11):1013-22. link to original article contains protocol PubMed
  7. Récher C, Coiffier B, Haioun C, Molina TJ, Fermé C, Casasnovas O, Thiéblemont C, Bosly A, Laurent G, Morschhauser F, Ghesquières H, Jardin F, Bologna S, Fruchart C, Corront B, Gabarre J, Bonnet C, Janvier M, Canioni D, Jais JP, Salles G, Tilly H; Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. Intensified chemotherapy with ACVBP plus rituximab versus standard CHOP plus rituximab for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (LNH03-2B): an open-label randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2011 Nov 26;378(9806):1858-67. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  8. Update: Mounier N, Heutte N, Thieblemont C, Briere J, Gaulard P, Feugier P, Ghesquieres H, Van Den Neste E, Robu D, Tilly H, Bouabdallah R, Safar V, Coiffier B; Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA). Ten-year relative survival and causes of death in elderly patients treated with R-CHOP or CHOP in the GELA LNH-985 trial. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2012 Jun;12(3):151-4. Epub 2012 Feb 1. link to original article PubMed
  9. Merli F, Luminari S, Rossi G, Mammi C, Marcheselli L, Tucci A, Ilariucci F, Chiappella A, Musso M, Di Rocco A, Stelitano C, Alvarez I, Baldini L, Mazza P, Salvi F, Arcari A, Fragasso A, Gobbi PG, Liberati AM, Federico M. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and rituximab versus epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, prednisone and rituximab for the initial treatment of elderly "fit" patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results from the ANZINTER3 trial of the Intergruppo Italiano Linfomi. Leuk Lymphoma. 2012 Apr;53(4):581-8. Epub 2011 Nov 15. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  10. Delarue R, Tilly H, Mounier N, Petrella T, Salles G, Thieblemont C, Bologna S, Ghesquières H, Hacini M, Fruchart C, Ysebaert L, Fermé C, Casasnovas O, Van Hoof A, Thyss A, Delmer A, Fitoussi O, Molina TJ, Haioun C, Bosly A. Dose-dense rituximab-CHOP compared with standard rituximab-CHOP in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (the LNH03-6B study): a randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 May;14(6):525-33. Epub 2013 Apr 9. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  11. Cunningham D, Hawkes EA, Jack A, Qian W, Smith P, Mouncey P, Pocock C, Ardeshna KM, Radford JA, McMillan A, Davies J, Turner D, Kruger A, Johnson P, Gambell J, Linch D. Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3 comparison of dose intensification with 14-day versus 21-day cycles. Lancet. 2013 May 25;381(9880):1817-26. Epub 2013 Apr 22. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

R-CHOP Intensified

R-CHOP: Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone

Synonyms: R-CHOP-14, Dose-dense rituximab-CHOP

Structured Concept: none

Regimen #1, Pfreundschuh et al. 2008 (RICOVER-60)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Pre-phase treatment

7-day course, then proceed to main R-CHOP-14 regimen

Main R-CHOP-14 regimen

14-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles (8 doses of rituximab regardless of total number of cycles)

Supportive medications:

Radiation therapy for initial bulky disease

"Initial bulky disease": patients with "lymphoma masses or conglomerates with a diameter ≥7.5 cm) or extranodal involvement"

  • Radiation therapy, 36 Gy to areas of initial bulky disease

Regimen #2, Delarue et al. 2013 (LNH03-6B)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

14-day cycles x 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

Neuromeningeal prophylaxis

Regimen #3, Cunningham et al. 2013

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Main R-CHOP-14 regimen

14-day cycles x 6 cycles; then give additional doses of rituximab as described below

Supportive medications:

  • Lenograstim (Granocyte) (dose/route not specified) given on days 4 to 12
  • Allopurinol (Aloprim) 300 mg PO once per day during cycle 1
  • Co-trimoxazole 480 mg (route not specified) BID on 3 days per week, taken throughout therapy, ending 2 weeks after treatment is completed

Additional doses of Rituximab

14-day cycles x 2 cycles

CNS prophylaxis

Per investigator discretion, but Cunningham et al. 2013 recommended that patients who had involvement of the "bone marrow, peripheral blood, nasal or paranasal sinuses, orbit, and testis" (they probably intended to say "or testis") receive:

  • Methotrexate (MTX) 12.5 mg IT "for the first three cycles of treatment, administered as per local guidelines." No other details given.

References

  1. Pfreundschuh M, Schubert J, Ziepert M, Schmits R, Mohren M, Lengfelder E, Reiser M, Nickenig C, Clemens M, Peter N, Bokemeyer C, Eimermacher H, Ho A, Hoffmann M, Mertelsmann R, Trümper L, Balleisen L, Liersch R, Metzner B, Hartmann F, Glass B, Poeschel V, Schmitz N, Ruebe C, Feller AC, Loeffler M; German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Six versus eight cycles of bi-weekly CHOP-14 with or without rituximab in elderly patients with aggressive CD20+ B-cell lymphomas: a randomised controlled trial (RICOVER-60). Lancet Oncol. 2008 Feb;9(2):105-16. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Delarue R, Tilly H, Mounier N, Petrella T, Salles G, Thieblemont C, Bologna S, Ghesquières H, Hacini M, Fruchart C, Ysebaert L, Fermé C, Casasnovas O, Van Hoof A, Thyss A, Delmer A, Fitoussi O, Molina TJ, Haioun C, Bosly A. Dose-dense rituximab-CHOP compared with standard rituximab-CHOP in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (the LNH03-6B study): a randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 May;14(6):525-33. Epub 2013 Apr 9. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  3. Cunningham D, Hawkes EA, Jack A, Qian W, Smith P, Mouncey P, Pocock C, Ardeshna KM, Radford JA, McMillan A, Davies J, Turner D, Kruger A, Johnson P, Gambell J, Linch D. Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3 comparison of dose intensification with 14-day versus 21-day cycles. Lancet. 2013 May 25;381(9880):1817-26. Epub 2013 Apr 22. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

R-CVP

R-CVP: Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Prednisone

Structured Concept: C63473 (NCI-T), C1882520 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen

21-day cycles x up to 8 cycles

References

See references for CVP

R-miniCEOP

R-miniCEOP: Rituximab, mini, Cyclophosphamide, Epirubicin, O?? (vinblastine), Prednisone

Regimen, Merli et al. 2012 (ANZINTER3)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Prophylactic G-CSF used for persisting grade 4 neutropenia or febrile neutropenia.
  • Cotrimoxazole (dose/route/schedule not specified) prophylaxis.
  • Erythropoietin use was allowed for hemoglobin <11 g/dL.

Radiation therapy

"At the end of chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT) was scheduled for sites of previous bulky disease or partially responding sites."

References

  1. Merli F, Luminari S, Rossi G, Mammi C, Marcheselli L, Tucci A, Ilariucci F, Chiappella A, Musso M, Di Rocco A, Stelitano C, Alvarez I, Baldini L, Mazza P, Salvi F, Arcari A, Fragasso A, Gobbi PG, Liberati AM, Federico M. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and rituximab versus epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, prednisone and rituximab for the initial treatment of elderly "fit" patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results from the ANZINTER3 trial of the Intergruppo Italiano Linfomi. Leuk Lymphoma. 2012 Apr;53(4):581-8. Epub 2011 Nov 15. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

R2CHOP, LR-CHOP-21

R2CHOP: Rituximab, Revlimid, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone LR-CHOP-21: Lenalidomide, Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, Prednisone

Regimen #1, Nowakowski et al. 2013

Level of Evidence: Phase II

21-day cycles x up to 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

Regimen #2, Chiappella et al. 2013

Level of Evidence: Phase II

21-day cycles x 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Nowakowski GS, LaPlant B, Habermann TM, Rivera CE, Macon WR, Inwards DJ, Micallef IN, Johnston PB, Porrata LF, Ansell SM, Klebig RR, Reeder CB, Witzig TE. Lenalidomide can be safely combined with R-CHOP (R2CHOP) in the initial chemotherapy for aggressive B-cell lymphomas: phase I study. Leukemia. 2011 Dec;25(12):1877-81. Epub 2011 Jul 1. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Nowakowski GS et al. Combination of lenalidomide with R-CHOP (R2CHOP) is well-tolerated and effective as initial therapy for aggressive B-cell lymphomas — A Phase II study. Proc ASH 2012; Abstract 689.
  3. Chiappella A et al. Rituximab-CHOP21 plus lenalidomide (LR-CHOP21) is effective and feasible in elderly untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL): Results of Phase II REAL07 study of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL). Proc ASH 2012; Abstract 903.
  4. Chiappella A, Tucci A, Castellino A, Pavone V, Baldi I, Carella AM, Orsucci L, Zanni M, Salvi F, Liberati AM, Gaidano G, Bottelli C, Rossini B, Perticone S, De Masi P, Ladetto M, Ciccone G, Palumbo A, Rossi G, Vitolo U. Lenalidomide plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and rituximab is safe and effective in untreated elderly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients: phase I study by the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi. Haematologica. 2013 Jun 28. [Epub ahead of print] link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

DLBCL, relapsed/refractory

BR

BR: Bendamustine, Rituximab

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

21-day cycles x up to 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • "Opportunistic infection prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and acyclovir was recommended."

References

  1. Ohmachi K, Niitsu N, Uchida T, Kim SJ, Ando K, Takahashi N, Takahashi N, Uike N, Eom HS, Chae YS, Terauchi T, Tateishi U, Tatsumi M, Kim WS, Tobinai K, Suh C, Ogura M. Multicenter Phase II Study of Bendamustine Plus Rituximab in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Jun 10;31(17):2103-9. Epub 2013 May 6. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

EPOCH

EPOCH: Etoposide, Prednisone, Oncovin, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin

Synonyms: CHEOP, DA-EPOCH

Structured Concept: C63779 (NCI-T), C1880475 (NCI-MT/UMLS)

Regimen, Wilson et al. 1993 - original EPOCH protocol

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Supportive medications:

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

References

  1. Wilson WH, Bryant G, Bates S, Fojo A, Wittes RE, Steinberg SM, Kohler DR, Jaffe ES, Herdt J, Cheson BD et al. EPOCH chemotherapy: toxicity and efficacy in relapsed and refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1993 Aug;11(8):1573-82 link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

ESHA

ESHA: Rituximab, Etoposide, Solumedrol (methylprednisolone) High-dose Ara-C (cytarabine)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21 to 28 day cycles ("after recovery of the toxic effects") x 6 to 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • At least 1 liter normal saline with 25-50 g mannitol once per day throughout chemotherapy
  • Metoclopramide (Reglan) 0.5-1 mg/kg "given regularly"

References

  1. Velasquez WS, McLaughlin P, Tucker S, Hagemeister FB, Swan F, Rodriguez MA, Romaguera J, Rubenstein E, Cabanillas F. ESHAP--an effective chemotherapy regimen in refractory and relapsing lymphoma: a 4-year follow-up study. J Clin Oncol. 1994 Jun;12(6):1169-76. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

ESHAP

ESHAP: Etoposide, Solumedrol (methylprednisolone) High-dose Ara-C (cytarabine), cisPlatin

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21 to 28 day cycles ("after recovery of the toxic effects") x 6 to 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • At least 1 liter normal saline with 25-50 g mannitol once per day throughout chemotherapy
  • Metoclopramide (Reglan) 0.5-1 mg/kg "given regularly"

References

  1. Velasquez WS, McLaughlin P, Tucker S, Hagemeister FB, Swan F, Rodriguez MA, Romaguera J, Rubenstein E, Cabanillas F. ESHAP--an effective chemotherapy regimen in refractory and relapsing lymphoma: a 4-year follow-up study. J Clin Oncol. 1994 Jun;12(6):1169-76. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Everolimus

Regimen, Witzig et al. 2011

Level of Evidence: Phase II

28-day cycles, given until progression or unacceptable toxicity

Supportive medications:

  • "Patients could receive white blood cell growth factors, if neutropenia developed at physician's discretion. Erythropoietin treatment for anemia was permitted per standard guidelines."

References

  1. Witzig TE, Reeder CB, LaPlant BR, Gupta M, Johnston PB, Micallef IN, Porrata LF, Ansell SM, Colgan JP, Jacobsen ED, Ghobrial IM, Habermann TM. A phase II trial of the oral mTOR inhibitor everolimus in relapsed aggressive lymphoma. Leukemia. 2011 Feb;25(2):341-7. Epub 2010 Dec 7. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

ICE

ICE: Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, Etoposide

Regimen, Zelenetz et al. 2003

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Third cycle intended to be followed by peripheral blood stem cell collection

  • Ifosfamide (Ifex) 5,000 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 24 hours on day 2, mixed together with mesna
  • Mesna (Mesnex) 5,000 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 24 hours on day 2, mixed together with ifosfamide
  • Carboplatin (Paraplatin) AUC 5 (maximum dose of 800 mg per cycle) IV bolus once on day 2
    • Carboplatin AUC calculated based on a 12-hour creatinine clearance
  • Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV bolus once per day on days 1 to 3

14-day cycles x 3 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 μg/kg SC once per day on days 5 to 12 (10 μg/kg with cycle 3, given until collection of peripheral blood stem cells)

References

  1. Zelenetz AD, Hamlin P, Kewalramani T, Yahalom J, Nimer S, Moskowitz CH. Ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide (ICE)-based second-line chemotherapy for the management of relapsed and refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2003;14 Suppl 1:i5-10. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Ifosfamide (Ifex)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III, <20 in this arm

Dose & schedule is as given in Pettengell et al. The original phase II trial (CALGB 8552) used a different dose & schedule.

28-day cycles

References

  1. Case DC Jr, Anderson J, Ervin TJ, Gottlieb A. Phase II trial of ifosfamide and mesna in previously treated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Cancer and Leukemia Group B study 8552. Hematol Oncol. 1991 Jul-Oct;9(4-5):189-96. PubMed
  2. Review: Webb MS, Saltman DL, Connors JM, Goldie JH. A literature review of single agent treatment of multiply relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002 May;43(5):975-82. Review. link to original article PubMed
  3. Pettengell R, Coiffier B, Narayanan G, de Mendoza FH, Digumarti R, Gomez H, Zinzani PL, Schiller G, Rizzieri D, Boland G, Cernohous P, Wang L, Kuepfer C, Gorbatchevsky I, Singer JW. Pixantrone dimaleate versus other chemotherapeutic agents as a single-agent salvage treatment in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):696-706. Epub 2012 May 30. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):e285. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Lenalidomide (Revlimid)

Regimen, Wiernik et al. 2008 (NHL-002); Witzig et al. 2011 (NHL-003)

Level of Evidence: Phase II

28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity

References

  1. Wiernik PH, Lossos IS, Tuscano JM, Justice G, Vose JM, Cole CE, Lam W, McBride K, Wride K, Pietronigro D, Takeshita K, Ervin-Haynes A, Zeldis JB, Habermann TM. Lenalidomide monotherapy in relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Oct 20;26(30):4952-7. Epub 2008 Jul 7. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Witzig TE, Vose JM, Zinzani PL, Reeder CB, Buckstein R, Polikoff JA, Bouabdallah R, Haioun C, Tilly H, Guo P, Pietronigro D, Ervin-Haynes AL, Czuczman MS. An international phase II trial of single-agent lenalidomide for relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2011 Jul;22(7):1622-7. Epub 2011 Jan 12. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Lenalidomide & Rituximab

Regimen #1, Zinzani et al. 2011

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Induction

28-day cycles x 4 cycles; patients with response of stable disease or better received:

Maintenance

28-day cycles x 8 months

Regimen #2, Wang et al. 2013

Level of Evidence: Phase II

28-day cycles

References

  1. Zinzani PL, Pellegrini C, Gandolfi L, Stefoni V, Quirini F, Derenzini E, Broccoli A, Argnani L, Pileri S, Baccarani M. Combination of lenalidomide and rituximab in elderly patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a phase 2 trial. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2011 Dec;11(6):462-6. Epub 2011 May 4. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Wang M, Fowler N, Wagner-Bartak N, Feng L, Romaguera J, Neelapu SS, Hagemeister F, Fanale M, Oki Y, Pro B, Shah J, Thomas S, Younes A, Hosing C, Zhang L, Newberry KJ, Desai M, Cheng N, Badillo M, Bejarano M, Chen Y, Young KH, Champlin R, Kwak L, Fayad L. Oral lenalidomide with rituximab in relapsed or refractory diffuse large cell, follicular and transformed lymphoma: a phase II clinical trial. Leukemia. 2013 Sep;27(9):1902-9. Epub 2013 Apr 2. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

MINE-ESHAP

MINE: Mesna, Ifosfamide, Novantrone, Etoposide ESHAP: Etoposide, High dose Ara-C, Platinol

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Part 1: MINE

Part 2: ESHAP

21-day cycles; patients who achieved a CR received a total of 6 cycles of MINE and then 3 cycles of ESHAP as consolidation therapy. If patients achieved a PR, then MINE was given to the point of maximal response, and then patients were crossed over to ESHAP.

References

  1. Rodriguez MA, Cabanillas FC, Velasquez W, Hagemeister FB, McLaughlin P, Swan F, Romaguera JE. Results of a salvage treatment program for relapsing lymphoma: MINE consolidated with ESHAP. J Clin Oncol. 1995 Jul;13(7):1734-41. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Obinutuzumab (GA101)

Regimen, Morschhauser et al. 2013 (GAUGUIN)

Level of Evidence: Phase II

  • Obinutuzumab (GA101) 1600 mg (diluted to 10 mg/mL) IV once per day on cycle 1 days 1 & 8; then, during cycles 2 to 8, Obinutuzumab (GA101) 800 mg IV once on day 1
    • Initial infusion rate is 50 mg/hour. In the absence of infusion-related reactions (IRRs), the rate is then increased by 50 mg/hour every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 400 mg/hour.

21-day cycles x 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or paracetamol 650 to 1000 mg PO once 30 minutes prior to obinutuzumab
  • "An antihistamine" 30 minutes prior to obinutuzumab; if there were no infusion-related reactions (IRRs) requiring medication or infusion interruption, antihistamine could be omitted for subsequent infusions
  • Premedication with corticosteroids recommended for patients at high risk of infusion-related reactions (IRRs)
  • Use of G-CSF allowed for severe neutropenia
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis allowed

References

  1. Morschhauser FA, Cartron G, Thieblemont C, Solal-Céligny P, Haioun C, Bouabdallah R, Feugier P, Bouabdallah K, Asikanius E, Lei G, Wenger M, Wassner-Fritsch E, Salles GA. Obinutuzumab (GA101) Monotherapy in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma or Mantle-Cell Lymphoma: Results From the Phase II GAUGUIN Study. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Aug 10;31(23):2912-9. Epub 2013 Jul 8. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

O-DHAP

O-DHAP: Ofatumumab, Dexamethasone, High-dose Ara-C (cytarabine), cisPlatin

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

21-day cycles x 3 cycles

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Matasar MJ, Czuczman MS, Rodriguez MA, Fennessy M, Shea TC, Spitzer G, Lossos IS, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Joyce R, Fayad L, Henkel K, Liao Q, Edvardsen K, Jewell RC, Fecteau D, Singh RP, Lisby S, Moskowitz CH. Ofatumumab in combination with ICE or DHAP chemotherapy in relapsed or refractory intermediate grade B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2013 Jul 25;122(4):499-506. Epub 2013 May 21. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

O-ICE

O-ICE: Ofatumumab, Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, Etoposide

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

  • Ofatumumab (Arzerra) 1000 mg IV on cycle 1 days 1 & 8; then on day 1 only of cycles 2 & 3 (total of 4 doses)
  • Ifosfamide (Ifex) 5,000 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 24 hours on day 2, mixed together with mesna
  • Mesna (Mesnex) 5,000 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 24 hours on day 2, mixed together with ifosfamide
  • Carboplatin (Paraplatin) AUC 5 (maximum dose of 800 mg per cycle) IV once on day 1 or 2 (1 dose, total)
    • Carboplatin AUC calculated based on a 12-hour creatinine clearance
  • Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV once per day on days 1 to 3

21-day cycles x 3 cycles

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Matasar MJ, Czuczman MS, Rodriguez MA, Fennessy M, Shea TC, Spitzer G, Lossos IS, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Joyce R, Fayad L, Henkel K, Liao Q, Edvardsen K, Jewell RC, Fecteau D, Singh RP, Lisby S, Moskowitz CH. Ofatumumab in combination with ICE or DHAP chemotherapy in relapsed or refractory intermediate grade B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2013 Jul 25;122(4):499-506. Epub 2013 May 21. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

Germann et al. give a range of 100 to 130 mg/m2; Oki et al. used the 130 mg/m2 dosage; Pettengell et al. used the 100 mg/m2 dosage.

21-day cycles

References

  1. Germann N, Brienza S, Rotarski M, Emile JF, Di Palma M, Musset M, Reynes M, Soulié P, Cvitkovic E, Misset JL. Preliminary results on the activity of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) in refractory/recurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. Ann Oncol. 1999 Mar;10(3):351-4. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Review: Webb MS, Saltman DL, Connors JM, Goldie JH. A literature review of single agent treatment of multiply relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002 May;43(5):975-82. Review. link to original article PubMed
  3. Oki Y, McLaughlin P, Pro B, Hagemeister FB, Bleyer A, Loyer E, Younes A. Phase II study of oxaliplatin in patients with recurrent or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer. 2005 Aug 15;104(4):781-7. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  4. Pettengell R, Coiffier B, Narayanan G, de Mendoza FH, Digumarti R, Gomez H, Zinzani PL, Schiller G, Rizzieri D, Boland G, Cernohous P, Wang L, Kuepfer C, Gorbatchevsky I, Singer JW. Pixantrone dimaleate versus other chemotherapeutic agents as a single-agent salvage treatment in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):696-706. Epub 2012 May 30. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):e285. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Pixantrone (Pixuvri)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III

28-day cycles x up to 6 cycles

References

  1. Pettengell R, Coiffier B, Narayanan G, de Mendoza FH, Digumarti R, Gomez H, Zinzani PL, Schiller G, Rizzieri D, Boland G, Cernohous P, Wang L, Kuepfer C, Gorbatchevsky I, Singer JW. Pixantrone dimaleate versus other chemotherapeutic agents as a single-agent salvage treatment in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):696-706. Epub 2012 May 30. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):e285. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

R-DHAP

R-DHAP: Rituximab, Dexamethasone, High-dose Ara-C (cytarabine), cisPlatin

Regimen, Gisselbrecht et al. 2010 (CORAL)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 3 cycles; patients with complete or partial response then received BEAM chemotherapy & autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT)

Supportive medications:

  • G-CSF "depending on site policy, with R-DHAP, but always after the third cycle until the end of leukaphereses"

References

  1. Hagberg H, Gisselbrecht C; CORAL study group. Randomised phase III study of R-ICE versus R-DHAP in relapsed patients with CD20 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) followed by high-dose therapy and a second randomisation to maintenance treatment with rituximab or not: an update of the CORAL study. Ann Oncol. 2006 May;17 Suppl 4:iv31-2. link to original article PubMed
  2. Gisselbrecht C, Glass B, Mounier N, Singh Gill D, Linch DC, Trneny M, Bosly A, Ketterer N, Shpilberg O, Hagberg H, Ma D, Brière J, Moskowitz CH, Schmitz N. Salvage regimens with autologous transplantation for relapsed large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Sep 20;28(27):4184-90. Epub 2010 Jul 26. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2012 May 20;30(15):1896. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

R-GDP

R-GDP: Rituximab, Gemcitabine, Dexamethasone, Platinol

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Non-randomized

21-day cycles x up to 6 cycles

References

  1. Hou Y, Wang HQ, Ba Y. Rituximab, gemcitabine, cisplatin, and dexamethasone in patients with refractory or relapsed aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Med Oncol. 2012 Dec;29(4):2409-16. Epub 2012 Apr 3. link to original article PubMed

R-ESHAP

R-ESHAP: Rituximab, Etoposide, Solumedrol (methylprednisolone) High-dose Ara-C (cytarabine), cisPlatin

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Retrospective

Regimen details are based on ESHAP paper from 1994. Per retrospective review (Martin et al. 2008), 90% of patients given R-ESHAP received rituximab on day 1, 10% on day 5.

  • Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV once on day 1 (or day 5)
  • Etoposide (Vepesid) 40 mg/m2 IV over 1 hour once per day on days 1 to 4
  • Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol) 250-500 mg IV over 15 minutes once per day on days 1 to 5
    • In Martín et al. 2008, methylprednisolone could either be given on days 1 to 4 or days 1 to 5, with patients receiving total doses of anywhere from 1000 mg per cycle to 2500 mg per cycle
  • Cytarabine (Cytosar) 2000 mg/m2 IV over 2 hours once on day 5
  • Cisplatin (Platinol) 25 mg/m2/day IV continuous infusion over 96 hours (total dose per cycle: 100 mg/m2) on days 1 to 4

21 to 28 day cycles ("after recovery of the toxic effects") x 6 to 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • At least 1 liter normal saline with 25-50 g mannitol once per day throughout chemotherapy
  • Metoclopramide (Reglan) 0.5-1 mg/kg "given regularly"

References

  1. Velasquez WS, McLaughlin P, Tucker S, Hagemeister FB, Swan F, Rodriguez MA, Romaguera J, Rubenstein E, Cabanillas F. ESHAP--an effective chemotherapy regimen in refractory and relapsing lymphoma: a 4-year follow-up study. J Clin Oncol. 1994 Jun;12(6):1169-76. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Martín A, Conde E, Arnan M, Canales MA, Deben G, Sancho JM, Andreu R, Salar A, García-Sanchez P, Vázquez L, Nistal S, Requena MJ, Donato EM, González JA, León A, Ruiz C, Grande C, González-Barca E, Caballero MD; Grupo Español de Linfomas/Trasplante Autólogo de Médula Osea (GEL/TAMO Cooperative Group). R-ESHAP as salvage therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on outcome. A GEL/TAMO study. Haematologica. 2008 Dec;93(12):1829-36. Epub 2008 Oct 22. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

R-ICE

R-ICE: Rituximab, Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, Etoposide

Regimen #1, Zelenetz et al. 2003 & Kewalramani et al. 2004

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Third cycle intended to be followed by peripheral blood stem cell collection

  • Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV once on day 1
    • An additional one-time dose of Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV was given 48 hours before the beginning of cycle 1
  • Ifosfamide (Ifex) 5,000 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 24 hours on day 4, mixed together with mesna
  • Mesna (Mesnex) 5,000 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 24 hours on day 4, mixed together with ifosfamide
  • Carboplatin (Paraplatin) AUC 5 (maximum dose of 800 mg per cycle) IV bolus once on day 4
    • Carboplatin AUC calculated based on a 12-hour creatinine clearance
  • Etoposide (Vepesid) 100 mg/m2 IV bolus once per day on days 3 to 5

14-day cycles x 3 cycles

Supportive medications (as described by Kewalramani et al. 2004):

  • Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg PO once as premedication for rituximab
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 50 mg IV once as premedication for rituximab
  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) 5 μg/kg SC once per day on days 7 to 14 (10 μg/kg with cycle 3, given until collection of peripheral blood stem cells)

Regimen #2, Gisselbrecht et al. 2010 (CORAL)

Level of Evidence: Phase III

21-day cycles x 3 cycles; patients with complete or partial response then received BEAM chemotherapy & autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT)

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Zelenetz AD, Hamlin P, Kewalramani T, Yahalom J, Nimer S, Moskowitz CH. Ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide (ICE)-based second-line chemotherapy for the management of relapsed and refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2003;14 Suppl 1:i5-10. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Kewalramani T, Zelenetz AD, Nimer SD, Portlock C, Straus D, Noy A, O'Connor O, Filippa DA, Teruya-Feldstein J, Gencarelli A, Qin J, Waxman A, Yahalom J, Moskowitz CH. Rituximab and ICE as second-line therapy before autologous stem cell transplantation for relapsed or primary refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2004 May 15;103(10):3684-8. Epub 2004 Jan 22. link to original article contains regimen PubMed
  3. Hagberg H, Gisselbrecht C; CORAL study group. Randomised phase III study of R-ICE versus R-DHAP in relapsed patients with CD20 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) followed by high-dose therapy and a second randomisation to maintenance treatment with rituximab or not: an update of the CORAL study. Ann Oncol. 2006 May;17 Suppl 4:iv31-2. link to original article PubMed
  4. Gisselbrecht C, Glass B, Mounier N, Singh Gill D, Linch DC, Trneny M, Bosly A, Ketterer N, Shpilberg O, Hagberg H, Ma D, Brière J, Moskowitz CH, Schmitz N. Salvage regimens with autologous transplantation for relapsed large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Sep 20;28(27):4184-90. Epub 2010 Jul 26. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2012 May 20;30(15):1896. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Temsirolimus (Torisel)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

28-day cycles x up to 6 cycles

References

  1. Smith SM, van Besien K, Karrison T, Dancey J, McLaughlin P, Younes A, Smith S, Stiff P, Lester E, Modi S, Doyle LA, Vokes EE, Pro B. Temsirolimus has activity in non-mantle cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes: The University of Chicago phase II consortium. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Nov 1;28(31):4740-6. Epub 2010 Sep 13. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Vinorelbine (Navelbine)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase III, <20 in this arm

28-day cycles

References

  1. Balzarotti M, Santoro A, Tondini C, Fornier M, Bonadonna G. Activity of single agent vinorelbine in pretreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 1996 Nov;7(9):970-2. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Review: Webb MS, Saltman DL, Connors JM, Goldie JH. A literature review of single agent treatment of multiply relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002 May;43(5):975-82. Review. link to original article PubMed
  3. Pettengell R, Coiffier B, Narayanan G, de Mendoza FH, Digumarti R, Gomez H, Zinzani PL, Schiller G, Rizzieri D, Boland G, Cernohous P, Wang L, Kuepfer C, Gorbatchevsky I, Singer JW. Pixantrone dimaleate versus other chemotherapeutic agents as a single-agent salvage treatment in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):696-706. Epub 2012 May 30. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):e285. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

BL or Burkitt-like Lymphoma, untreated

BASIC

BASIC: Brief, anthracycline-sparing, intensive cyclophosphamide

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Non-randomized

Induction

Supportive medications:

14-day cycles x 2 cycles, then:

Intensification

Supportive medications:

One course, followed by:

  • Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV once per week x 4 doses, once post-nadir ANC > 1000/uL
  • Cytarabine (Cytosar) 100 mg intrathecal (50 mg of hydrocortisone optional) once per week x 4 doses, then once every other week x 4 doses

Cytarabine only given in prior CNS involvement

References

  1. Kasamon YL, Brodsky RA, Borowitz MJ, Ambinder RF, Crilley PA, Cho SY, Tsai HL, Smith BD, Gladstone DE, Carraway HE, Huff CA, Matsui WH, Bolaños-Meade J, Jones RJ, Swinnen LJ. Brief intensive therapy for older adults with newly diagnosed Burkitt or atypical Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2013 Mar;54(3):483-90. Epub 2012 Aug 17. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

CODOX-M/IVAC (Modified Magrath)

CODOX-M: Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, DOXorubicin, M ethotrexate

IVAC: Ifosfamide, Vepesid (etoposide), AC Ara-C (cytarabine)

Regimen

Part 1: CODOX-M

Age 65 years or younger:

Age more than 65 years:

  • Folinic acid (Leucovorin) 15 mg/m2 IV Q3H, starting 36 hours after start of IV methotrexate until 48 hours, then Q6H until methotrexate level undetectable

Supportive medications:

Part 2: IVAC

Age 65 years or younger:

Age more than 65 years:

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Magrath I, Adde M, Shad A, Venzon D, Seibel N, Gootenberg J, Neely J, Arndt C, Nieder M, Jaffe E, Wittes RA, Horak ID. Adults and children with small non-cleaved-cell lymphoma have a similar excellent outcome when treated with the same chemotherapy regimen. J Clin Oncol. 1996 Mar;14(3):925-34. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Mead GM, Sydes MR, Walewski J, Grigg A, Hatton CS, Pescosta N, Guarnaccia C, Lewis MS, McKendrick J, Stenning SP, Wright D; UKLG LY06 collaborators. An international evaluation of CODOX-M and CODOX-M alternating with IVAC in adult Burkitt's lymphoma: results of United Kingdom Lymphoma Group LY06 study. Ann Oncol. 2002 Aug;13(8):1264-74. Erratum in: Ann Oncol. 2002 Dec;13(12):1961. Norbert, P [corrected to Pescosta, N]. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  3. Mead GM, Barrans SL, Qian W, Walewski J, Radford JA, Wolf M, Clawson SM, Stenning SP, Yule CL, Jack AS; UK National Cancer Research Institute Lymphoma Clinical Studies Group; Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group. A prospective clinicopathologic study of dose-modified CODOX-M/IVAC in patients with sporadic Burkitt lymphoma defined using cytogenetic and immunophenotypic criteria (MRC/NCRI LY10 trial). Blood. 2008 Sep 15;112(6):2248-60. Epub 2008 Jul 8. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  4. Maruyama D, Watanabe T, Maeshima AM, Nomoto J, Taniguchi H, Azuma T, Mori M, Munakata W, Kim SW, Kobayashi Y, Matsuno Y, Tobinai K. Modified cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and methotrexate (CODOX-M)/ifosfamide, etoposide, and cytarabine (IVAC) therapy with or without rituximab in Japanese adult patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B cell lymphoma and BL. Int J Hematol. 2010 Dec;92(5):732-43. Epub 2010 Dec 1. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

R-CODOX-M/R-IVAC

R-CODOX-M: Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, DOXorubicin, M ethotrexate

R-IVAC: Rituximab, Ifosfamide, Vepesid (etoposide), AC Ara-C (cytarabine)

Part 1: R-CODOX-M

  • Folinic acid (Leucovorin) starting 36 hours after start of IV methotrexate until 48 hours, then Q6H until methotrexate level undetectable
  • "Commence leucovorin 36 h after the start of MTX infusion; 85.7 mg/m2 i.v. at 36 h and 12 mg/m2 every 6 h thereafter until the serum MTX level is less than 0.05 μM. Leucovorin 12 mg/m2 is given orally first if patients were without nausea; otherwise i.v. administration is allowed."

Supportive medications:

Part 2: R-IVAC

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Maruyama D, Watanabe T, Maeshima AM, Nomoto J, Taniguchi H, Azuma T, Mori M, Munakata W, Kim SW, Kobayashi Y, Matsuno Y, Tobinai K. Modified cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and methotrexate (CODOX-M)/ifosfamide, etoposide, and cytarabine (IVAC) therapy with or without rituximab in Japanese adult patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B cell lymphoma and BL. Int J Hematol. 2010 Dec;92(5):732-43. Epub 2010 Dec 1. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Gastric DLBCL, untreated

Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy

Regimen

Before 1996:

  • Amoxicillin 500mg PO q6h x 28 days
  • Metronidazole 250mg PO q6h x 28 days
  • EITHER bismuth subcitrate 120mg PO q6h x 28 days
  • OR omeprazole 20mg PO BID x 28 days

After 1996:

  • Amoxicillin 500mg PO q6h x 14 days
  • Clarithromycin 500mg PO BID x 14 days
  • Omeprazole 20mg PO BID x 14 days

References

  1. Kuo SH, Yeh KH, Wu MS, Lin CW, Hsu PN, Wang HP, Chen LT, Cheng AL. Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy is effective in the treatment of early-stage H pylori-positive gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Blood. 2012 May 24;119(21):4838-44; quiz 5057. Epub 2012 Mar 7. link to original article PubMed

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, relapsed/refractory

Brentuximab vedotin

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Every 21 days up to 16 infusions

References

  1. Pro B, Advani R, Brice P, Bartlett NL, Rosenblatt JD, Illidge T, Matous J, Ramchandren R, Fanale M, Connors JM, Yang Y, Sievers EL, Kennedy DA, Shustov A. Brentuximab vedotin (SGN-35) in patients with relapsed or refractory systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: results of a phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Jun 20;30(18):2190-6. Epub 2012 May 21. link to original article PubMed

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, untreated

DA-R-EPOCH

DA-R-EPOCH: Dose Adjusted Rituximab, Etoposide, Prednisone, Oncovin, Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin

Regimen, Dunleavy et al. 2013

Level of Evidence: Phase II

21-day cycles x 6 to 8 cycles

Supportive medications:

  • Filgrastim (Neupogen) 300 mcg SQ once per day, starting on day 6 and continuing until ANC >5,000/uL past nadir
  • Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) 160/800 mg (or equivalent if allergic) PO once per day on 3 days per week
    • Note: It's assumed this is what the supplement for Dunleavy et al. 2013 meant by "Baxtrim (sulphametoxazole and trimethoprim)"
  • Omeprazole (Prilosec) 20 mg (or equivalent) PO once per day
  • Docusate (Colace) (dose not specified) and Sennosides (Senna) 2 tablets PO BID as needed for constipation
  • Lactulose 20 g PO Q6H as needed for constipation
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen positive patients received daily antiviral therapy until 8 weeks after completion of chemotherapy

Dose adjustments

  • Start cycle 1 as described above.
  • Obtain CBCs twice per week for nadir measurements.
  • If nadir ANC >500, increase etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by one level (20%) compared to previous cycle.
  • If nadir ANC <500, use same doses as last cycle.
  • If nadir platelet count <25,000, decrease etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide by 20% compared to the previous cycle.

References

  1. Dunleavy K, Pittaluga S, Maeda LS, Advani R, Chen CC, Hessler J, Steinberg SM, Grant C, Wright G, Varma G, Staudt LM, Jaffe ES, Wilson WH. Dose-adjusted EPOCH-rituximab therapy in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013 Apr 11;368(15):1408-16. link to original article link to supplementary appendix contains verified protocol PubMed

Transformed lymphoma

Transformed lymphoma, often referred to as Richter's transformation, is typically treated as per the histologic subtype, which is usually DLBCL. However, some regimens specific to transformed lymphoma have been developed and are included here.

131Iodine-Tositumomab (Bexxar)

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

Also evaluated in low-grade NHL but subtype was not specified.

Dosimetric step

  • On Day 0, infusions of:
  • Day 2, 3, or 4: Second scan of whole body dosimetry & redistribution
  • Day 6 or 7: Third scan of whole body dosimetry & redistribution

Therapeutic step

Calculated dose of I-131 is based on information from serial total-body gamma-camera counts

References

  1. Vose JM, Wahl RL, Saleh M, Rohatiner AZ, Knox SJ, Radford JA, Zelenetz AD, Tidmarsh GF, Stagg RJ, Kaminski MS. Multicenter phase II study of iodine-131 tositumomab for chemotherapy-relapsed/refractory low-grade and transformed low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. J Clin Oncol. 2000 Mar;18(6):1316-23. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Lenalidomide (Revlimid)

Regimen, Wiernik et al. 2008 (NHL-002); Witzig et al. 2011 (NHL-003)

Level of Evidence: Phase II


28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity

References

  1. Wiernik PH, Lossos IS, Tuscano JM, Justice G, Vose JM, Cole CE, Lam W, McBride K, Wride K, Pietronigro D, Takeshita K, Ervin-Haynes A, Zeldis JB, Habermann TM. Lenalidomide monotherapy in relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Oct 20;26(30):4952-7. Epub 2008 Jul 7. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
  2. Witzig TE, Vose JM, Zinzani PL, Reeder CB, Buckstein R, Polikoff JA, Bouabdallah R, Haioun C, Tilly H, Guo P, Pietronigro D, Ervin-Haynes AL, Czuczman MS. An international phase II trial of single-agent lenalidomide for relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2011 Jul;22(7):1622-7. Epub 2011 Jan 12. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

Lenalidomide & Rituximab

Regimen, Wang et al. 2013

Level of Evidence: Phase II, <20 patients reported

28-day cycles

References

  1. Wang M, Fowler N, Wagner-Bartak N, Feng L, Romaguera J, Neelapu SS, Hagemeister F, Fanale M, Oki Y, Pro B, Shah J, Thomas S, Younes A, Hosing C, Zhang L, Newberry KJ, Desai M, Cheng N, Badillo M, Bejarano M, Chen Y, Young KH, Champlin R, Kwak L, Fayad L. Oral lenalidomide with rituximab in relapsed or refractory diffuse large cell, follicular and transformed lymphoma: a phase II clinical trial. Leukemia. 2013 Sep;27(9):1902-9. Epub 2013 Apr 2. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed

OFAR

OFAR: Oxaliplatin, Fludarabine, Ara-C, Rituximab

Regimen

Level of Evidence: Phase II

  • Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) 25 mg/m2 IV over 2 hours once daily on days 1 to 4
  • Fludarabine (Fludara) 30 mg/m2 IV once daily on days 2 & 3, adminstered within 30 minutes of completion of oxaliplantin
  • Cytarabine (Cytosar) 1000 mg/m2 IV over 2 hours once daily on days 2 & 3, 4 hours after fludarabine started
  • Rituximab (Rituxan) 375 mg/m2 IV over 4 to 6 hours once on day 3 of cycle 1; then 375 mg/m2 IV over 4 to 6 hours once on day 1 of cycles 2 to 6

28-day cycles x up to 6 cycles

Supportive medications:

References

  1. Tsimberidou AM, Wierda WG, Plunkett W, Kurzrock R, O'Brien S, Wen S, Ferrajoli A, Ravandi-Kashani F, Garcia-Manero G, Estrov Z, Kipps TJ, Brown JR, Fiorentino A, Lerner S, Kantarjian HM, Keating MJ. Phase I-II study of oxaliplatin, fludarabine, cytarabine, and rituximab combination therapy in patients with Richter's syndrome or fludarabine-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jan 10;26(2):196-203. link to original article contains protocol PubMed
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