Difference between revisions of "Testicular cancer - historical"
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'''28-day cycle for 2 cycles''' | '''28-day cycle for 2 cycles''' | ||
===References=== | ===References=== | ||
− | # Williams SD, Stablein DM, Einhorn LH, Muggia FM, Weiss RB, Donohue JP, Paulson DF, Brunner KW, Jacobs EM, Spaulding JT, DeWys WD, Crawford ED. Immediate adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation with treatment at relapse in pathological stage II testicular cancer. N Engl J Med. 1987 Dec 3;317(23):1433-8. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198712033172303 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Williams SD, Stablein DM, Einhorn LH, Muggia FM, Weiss RB, Donohue JP, Paulson DF, Brunner KW, Jacobs EM, Spaulding JT, DeWys WD, Crawford ED. Immediate adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation with treatment at relapse in pathological stage II testicular cancer. N Engl J Med. 1987 Dec 3;317(23):1433-8. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198712033172303 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2446132 PubMed] |
=Upfront therapy for disseminated disease= | =Upfront therapy for disseminated disease= | ||
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===References=== | ===References=== | ||
− | # Peckham MJ, McElwain TJ, Barrett A, Hendry WF. Combined management of malignant teratoma of the testis. Lancet. 1979 Aug 11;2(8137):267-70. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(79)90288-5/fulltext lnk to original article] [https:// | + | # Peckham MJ, McElwain TJ, Barrett A, Hendry WF. Combined management of malignant teratoma of the testis. Lancet. 1979 Aug 11;2(8137):267-70. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(79)90288-5/fulltext lnk to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/88606 PubMed] |
==BVP {{#subobject:47af63|Regimen=1}}== | ==BVP {{#subobject:47af63|Regimen=1}}== | ||
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===References=== | ===References=== | ||
− | # Einhorn LH, Donohue J. Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin combination chemotherapy in disseminated testicular cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1977 Sep;87(3):293-8. [http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/691408/cis-diamminedichloroplatinum-vinblastine-bleomycin-combination-chemotherapy-disseminated-testicular-cancer link to original article] [https:// | + | # Einhorn LH, Donohue J. Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin combination chemotherapy in disseminated testicular cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1977 Sep;87(3):293-8. [http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/691408/cis-diamminedichloroplatinum-vinblastine-bleomycin-combination-chemotherapy-disseminated-testicular-cancer link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/71004 PubMed] |
− | # Stoter G, Sleijfer DT, Vendrik CP, Schraffordt Koops H, Struyvenberg A, Van Oosterom AT, Brouwers TM, Pinedo HM. Combination chemotherapy with cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin in advanced testicular non-seminoma. Lancet. 1979 May 5;1(8123):941-5. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(79)91719-7/fulltext link to original article] [https:// | + | # Stoter G, Sleijfer DT, Vendrik CP, Schraffordt Koops H, Struyvenberg A, Van Oosterom AT, Brouwers TM, Pinedo HM. Combination chemotherapy with cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin in advanced testicular non-seminoma. Lancet. 1979 May 5;1(8123):941-5. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(79)91719-7/fulltext link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/87614 PubMed] |
− | # Einhorn LH, Williams SD, Troner M, Birch R, Greco FA. The role of maintenance therapy in disseminated testicular cancer. N Engl J Med. 1981 Sep 24;305(13):727-31. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198109243051303 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Einhorn LH, Williams SD, Troner M, Birch R, Greco FA. The role of maintenance therapy in disseminated testicular cancer. N Engl J Med. 1981 Sep 24;305(13):727-31. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198109243051303 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7022214 PubMed] |
− | # Garnick MB, Canellos GP, Richie JP. Treatment and surgical staging of testicular and primary extragonadal germ cell cancer. JAMA. 1983 Oct 7;250(13):1733-41. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/388160 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Garnick MB, Canellos GP, Richie JP. Treatment and surgical staging of testicular and primary extragonadal germ cell cancer. JAMA. 1983 Oct 7;250(13):1733-41. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/388160 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6684188 PubMed] |
− | # Stoter G, Sleyfer DT, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Kaye SB, Jones WG, van Oosterom AT, Vendrik CP, Spaander P, de Pauw M, Sylvester R; EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. High-dose versus low-dose vinblastine in cisplatin-vinblastine-bleomycin combination chemotherapy of non-seminomatous testicular cancer: a randomized study of the EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol. 1986 Aug;4(8):1199-206. [https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.8.1199 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Stoter G, Sleyfer DT, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Kaye SB, Jones WG, van Oosterom AT, Vendrik CP, Spaander P, de Pauw M, Sylvester R; EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. High-dose versus low-dose vinblastine in cisplatin-vinblastine-bleomycin combination chemotherapy of non-seminomatous testicular cancer: a randomized study of the EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol. 1986 Aug;4(8):1199-206. [https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.8.1199 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2426419 PubMed] |
− | # Williams SD, Birch R, Einhorn LH, Irwin L, Greco FA, Loehrer PJ. Treatment of disseminated germ-cell tumors with cisplatin, bleomycin, and either vinblastine or etoposide. N Engl J Med. 1987 Jun 4;316(23):1435-40. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198706043162302 link to original article] '''contains verified protocol''' [https:// | + | # Williams SD, Birch R, Einhorn LH, Irwin L, Greco FA, Loehrer PJ. Treatment of disseminated germ-cell tumors with cisplatin, bleomycin, and either vinblastine or etoposide. N Engl J Med. 1987 Jun 4;316(23):1435-40. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198706043162302 link to original article] '''contains verified protocol''' [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2437455 PubMed] |
− | # Wozniak AJ, Samson MK, Shah NT, Crawford ED, Ford CD, Altman SJ, Stephens RL, Natale RB, Bouroncle BA, Blumenstein BA, Cummings GD; Southwest Oncology Group. A randomized trial of cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin versus vinblastine, cisplatin, and etoposide in the treatment of advanced germ cell tumors of the testis: a Southwest Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 1991 Jan;9(1):70-6. [https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.1.70 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Wozniak AJ, Samson MK, Shah NT, Crawford ED, Ford CD, Altman SJ, Stephens RL, Natale RB, Bouroncle BA, Blumenstein BA, Cummings GD; Southwest Oncology Group. A randomized trial of cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin versus vinblastine, cisplatin, and etoposide in the treatment of advanced germ cell tumors of the testis: a Southwest Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 1991 Jan;9(1):70-6. [https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.1.70 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1702148 PubMed] |
==Chlorambucil, Dactinomycin, Methotrexate {{#subobject:68af63|Regimen=1}}== | ==Chlorambucil, Dactinomycin, Methotrexate {{#subobject:68af63|Regimen=1}}== | ||
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===References=== | ===References=== | ||
− | # Li MC, Whitmore WF Jr, Golbey R, Grabstald H. Effects of combined drug therapy on metastatic cancer of the testis. JAMA. 1960 Nov 5;174:1291-9. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/329725 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Li MC, Whitmore WF Jr, Golbey R, Grabstald H. Effects of combined drug therapy on metastatic cancer of the testis. JAMA. 1960 Nov 5;174:1291-9. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/329725 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13761819 PubMed] |
==CISCA/VB {{#subobject:47af63|Regimen=1}}== | ==CISCA/VB {{#subobject:47af63|Regimen=1}}== | ||
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===References=== | ===References=== | ||
− | # Fizazi K, Do KA, Wang X, Finn L, Logothetis CJ, Amato RJ. A 20% dose reduction of the original CISCA/VB regimen allows better tolerance and similar survival rate in disseminated testicular non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: final results of a phase III randomized trial. Ann Oncol. 2002 Jan;13(1):125-34. [https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdf005 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Fizazi K, Do KA, Wang X, Finn L, Logothetis CJ, Amato RJ. A 20% dose reduction of the original CISCA/VB regimen allows better tolerance and similar survival rate in disseminated testicular non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: final results of a phase III randomized trial. Ann Oncol. 2002 Jan;13(1):125-34. [https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdf005 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11863094 PubMed] |
− | # '''T93MP:''' Culine S, Kramar A, Théodore C, Geoffrois L, Chevreau C, Biron P, Nguyen BB, Héron JF, Kerbrat P, Caty A, Delva R, Fargeot P, Fizazi K, Bouzy J, Droz JP; Genito-Urinary Group of the French Federation of Cancer Centers. Randomized trial comparing bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin with alternating cisplatin/cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin and vinblastine/bleomycin regimens of chemotherapy for patients with intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: Genito-Urinary Group of the French Federation of Cancer Centers Trial T93MP. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jan 20;26(3):421-7. [https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.13.8461 link to original article] '''contains verified protocol''' [https:// | + | # '''T93MP:''' Culine S, Kramar A, Théodore C, Geoffrois L, Chevreau C, Biron P, Nguyen BB, Héron JF, Kerbrat P, Caty A, Delva R, Fargeot P, Fizazi K, Bouzy J, Droz JP; Genito-Urinary Group of the French Federation of Cancer Centers. Randomized trial comparing bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin with alternating cisplatin/cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin and vinblastine/bleomycin regimens of chemotherapy for patients with intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: Genito-Urinary Group of the French Federation of Cancer Centers Trial T93MP. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jan 20;26(3):421-7. [https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.13.8461 link to original article] '''contains verified protocol''' [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18202419 PubMed] |
==VAB-6 {{#subobject:487g63|Regimen=1}}== | ==VAB-6 {{#subobject:487g63|Regimen=1}}== | ||
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===References=== | ===References=== | ||
− | # Vugrin D, Herr HW, Whitmore WF Jr, Sogani PC, Golbey RB. VAB-6 combination chemotherapy in disseminated cancer of the testis. Ann Intern Med. 1981 Jul;95(1):59-61. [https://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/694903/vab-6-combination-chemotherapy-disseminated-cancer-testis link to original article] [https:// | + | # Vugrin D, Herr HW, Whitmore WF Jr, Sogani PC, Golbey RB. VAB-6 combination chemotherapy in disseminated cancer of the testis. Ann Intern Med. 1981 Jul;95(1):59-61. [https://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/694903/vab-6-combination-chemotherapy-disseminated-cancer-testis link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6166230 PubMed] |
− | # Bosl GJ, Gluckman R, Geller NL, Golbey RB, Whitmore WF Jr, Herr H, Sogani P, Morse M, Martini N, Bains M, McCormack P. VAB-6: an effective chemotherapy regimen for patients with germ-cell tumors. J Clin Oncol. 1986 Oct;4(10):1493-9. [https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.10.1493 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Bosl GJ, Gluckman R, Geller NL, Golbey RB, Whitmore WF Jr, Herr H, Sogani P, Morse M, Martini N, Bains M, McCormack P. VAB-6: an effective chemotherapy regimen for patients with germ-cell tumors. J Clin Oncol. 1986 Oct;4(10):1493-9. [https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.10.1493 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2428948 PubMed] |
=Subsequent lines of therapy= | =Subsequent lines of therapy= | ||
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*[[Plicamycin (Mithracin)]] | *[[Plicamycin (Mithracin)]] | ||
===References=== | ===References=== | ||
− | # Brown JH, Kennedy BJ. Mithramycin in the treatment of disseminated testicular neoplasms. N Engl J Med. 1965 Jan 21;272:111-8. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM196501212720301 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Brown JH, Kennedy BJ. Mithramycin in the treatment of disseminated testicular neoplasms. N Engl J Med. 1965 Jan 21;272:111-8. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM196501212720301 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14224214 PubMed] |
− | # Ream NW, Perlia CP, Wolter J, Taylor SG 3rd. Mithramycin therapy in disseminated germinal testicular cancer. JAMA. 1968 Jun 17;204(12):1030-6. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/339573 link to original article] [https:// | + | # Ream NW, Perlia CP, Wolter J, Taylor SG 3rd. Mithramycin therapy in disseminated germinal testicular cancer. JAMA. 1968 Jun 17;204(12):1030-6. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/339573 link to original article] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5694748 PubMed] |
[[Category:Historical regimens]] | [[Category:Historical regimens]] |
Revision as of 19:03, 3 June 2021
The purpose of this page is to provide references to regimens that are obsolete, outdated, or of historical interest only. As a general rule, this includes the inferior arm(s) of a randomized study, unless said regimens continue to be recommended by trustworthy sources such as the NCCN Guidelines. Is there a regimen missing from this list? See the main testicular cancer page for current regimens.
7 regimens on this page
7 variants on this page
|
Adjuvant therapy for resectable disease
BVP
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BVP: Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Platinol (Cisplatin)
PVB: Platinol (Cisplatin), Vinblastine, Bleomycin
Regimen
Study | Years of enrollment | Evidence | Comparator | Comparative Efficacy |
---|---|---|---|---|
Williams et al. 1987 | 1979-1984 | Phase III (E-esc) | Observation | Superior RFS |
Preceding treatment
Chemotherapy
28-day cycle for 2 cycles
References
- Williams SD, Stablein DM, Einhorn LH, Muggia FM, Weiss RB, Donohue JP, Paulson DF, Brunner KW, Jacobs EM, Spaulding JT, DeWys WD, Crawford ED. Immediate adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation with treatment at relapse in pathological stage II testicular cancer. N Engl J Med. 1987 Dec 3;317(23):1433-8. link to original article PubMed
Upfront therapy for disseminated disease
Bleomycin & Vinblastine
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Regimen
Study | Evidence |
---|---|
Peckham et al. 1979 | Non-randomized |
Chemotherapy
References
- Peckham MJ, McElwain TJ, Barrett A, Hendry WF. Combined management of malignant teratoma of the testis. Lancet. 1979 Aug 11;2(8137):267-70. lnk to original article PubMed
BVP
back to top |
BVP: Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Platinol (Cisplatin)
PVB: Platinol (Cisplatin), Vinblastine, Bleomycin
Regimen
Study | Years of enrollment | Evidence | Comparator | Comparative Efficacy |
---|---|---|---|---|
Einhorn & Donohue 1977 | 1974-NR | Non-randomized | ||
Stoter et al. 1979 | 1976-NR | Non-randomized | ||
Einhorn et al. 1981 | 1978-1980 | Phase III (C) | ABVP | Did not meet efficacy endpoints |
Garnick et al. 1983 | NR | Non-randomized | ||
Stoter et al. 1986 | 1979-1983 | Phase III (C) | Dose de-escalated PVB | Did not meet efficacy endpoints |
Williams et al. 1987a | 1982-1984 | Phase III (C) | BEP | Did not meet primary endpoint of OS1 |
Wozniak et al. 1991 | 1982-1986 | Phase III (C) | VPV | Did not meet primary endpoints of CR rate/OS |
1In Williams et al. 1987a, there seemed to be a survival disadvantage in the high tumor volume subgroup, but no difference was seen in the overall group.
Chemotherapy
21-day cycle for 4 cycles
Subsequent treatment
- Einhorn et al. 1981: Vinblastine maintenance versus no further treatment
- Garnick et al. 1983: Tumor-reductive surgery, then Cyclophosphamide & Doxorubicin
References
- Einhorn LH, Donohue J. Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin combination chemotherapy in disseminated testicular cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1977 Sep;87(3):293-8. link to original article PubMed
- Stoter G, Sleijfer DT, Vendrik CP, Schraffordt Koops H, Struyvenberg A, Van Oosterom AT, Brouwers TM, Pinedo HM. Combination chemotherapy with cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin in advanced testicular non-seminoma. Lancet. 1979 May 5;1(8123):941-5. link to original article PubMed
- Einhorn LH, Williams SD, Troner M, Birch R, Greco FA. The role of maintenance therapy in disseminated testicular cancer. N Engl J Med. 1981 Sep 24;305(13):727-31. link to original article PubMed
- Garnick MB, Canellos GP, Richie JP. Treatment and surgical staging of testicular and primary extragonadal germ cell cancer. JAMA. 1983 Oct 7;250(13):1733-41. link to original article PubMed
- Stoter G, Sleyfer DT, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Kaye SB, Jones WG, van Oosterom AT, Vendrik CP, Spaander P, de Pauw M, Sylvester R; EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. High-dose versus low-dose vinblastine in cisplatin-vinblastine-bleomycin combination chemotherapy of non-seminomatous testicular cancer: a randomized study of the EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol. 1986 Aug;4(8):1199-206. link to original article PubMed
- Williams SD, Birch R, Einhorn LH, Irwin L, Greco FA, Loehrer PJ. Treatment of disseminated germ-cell tumors with cisplatin, bleomycin, and either vinblastine or etoposide. N Engl J Med. 1987 Jun 4;316(23):1435-40. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
- Wozniak AJ, Samson MK, Shah NT, Crawford ED, Ford CD, Altman SJ, Stephens RL, Natale RB, Bouroncle BA, Blumenstein BA, Cummings GD; Southwest Oncology Group. A randomized trial of cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin versus vinblastine, cisplatin, and etoposide in the treatment of advanced germ cell tumors of the testis: a Southwest Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 1991 Jan;9(1):70-6. link to original article PubMed
Chlorambucil, Dactinomycin, Methotrexate
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Regimen
Study | Evidence |
---|---|
Li et al. 1960 | Non-randomized |
Note: this is likely the first trial of combination chemotherapy in solid tumors.
Chemotherapy
References
- Li MC, Whitmore WF Jr, Golbey R, Grabstald H. Effects of combined drug therapy on metastatic cancer of the testis. JAMA. 1960 Nov 5;174:1291-9. link to original article PubMed
CISCA/VB
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CISCA/VB: CISplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin (Doxorubicin) alternating with Vinblastine & Bleomycin
Protocol
Study | Years of enrollment | Evidence | Comparator | Comparative Efficacy |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fizazi et al. 2002 | 1987-1993 | Phase III (C) | CISCA/VB; dose de-escalated | Did not meet primary endpoint of CR rate at 18 mo |
Culine et al. 2008 (T93MP) | 1994-2000 | Phase III (E-esc) | BEP | Did not meet primary endpoint of FRR |
Chemotherapy, CISCA portion
Chemotherapy, VB portion
References
- Fizazi K, Do KA, Wang X, Finn L, Logothetis CJ, Amato RJ. A 20% dose reduction of the original CISCA/VB regimen allows better tolerance and similar survival rate in disseminated testicular non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: final results of a phase III randomized trial. Ann Oncol. 2002 Jan;13(1):125-34. link to original article PubMed
- T93MP: Culine S, Kramar A, Théodore C, Geoffrois L, Chevreau C, Biron P, Nguyen BB, Héron JF, Kerbrat P, Caty A, Delva R, Fargeot P, Fizazi K, Bouzy J, Droz JP; Genito-Urinary Group of the French Federation of Cancer Centers. Randomized trial comparing bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin with alternating cisplatin/cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin and vinblastine/bleomycin regimens of chemotherapy for patients with intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: Genito-Urinary Group of the French Federation of Cancer Centers Trial T93MP. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jan 20;26(3):421-7. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
VAB-6
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Regimen
Study | Years of enrollment | Evidence |
---|---|---|
Vugrin et al. 1981 | 1978-1979 | Non-randomized (RT) |
Bosl et al. 1986 | 1979-1982 | Non-randomized (RT) |
Chemotherapy
- Bleomycin (Blenoxane)
- Cisplatin (Platinol)
- Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
- Dactinomycin (Cosmegen)
- Vinblastine (Velban)
References
- Vugrin D, Herr HW, Whitmore WF Jr, Sogani PC, Golbey RB. VAB-6 combination chemotherapy in disseminated cancer of the testis. Ann Intern Med. 1981 Jul;95(1):59-61. link to original article PubMed
- Bosl GJ, Gluckman R, Geller NL, Golbey RB, Whitmore WF Jr, Herr H, Sogani P, Morse M, Martini N, Bains M, McCormack P. VAB-6: an effective chemotherapy regimen for patients with germ-cell tumors. J Clin Oncol. 1986 Oct;4(10):1493-9. link to original article PubMed
Subsequent lines of therapy
Plicamycin monotherapy
back to top |
Regimen
Study | Evidence |
---|---|
Brown & Kennedy 1965 | Non-randomized, <20 pts |
Ream et al. 1968 | Non-randomized |
Chemotherapy
References
- Brown JH, Kennedy BJ. Mithramycin in the treatment of disseminated testicular neoplasms. N Engl J Med. 1965 Jan 21;272:111-8. link to original article PubMed
- Ream NW, Perlia CP, Wolter J, Taylor SG 3rd. Mithramycin therapy in disseminated germinal testicular cancer. JAMA. 1968 Jun 17;204(12):1030-6. link to original article PubMed