T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

From HemOnc.org - A Hematology Oncology Wiki
Revision as of 19:04, 26 December 2017 by Warner-admin (talk | contribs) (Text replacement - "{| border="1" style="text-align:center;" !align="left"" to "{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center;"")
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Use of this site is subject to you reading and agreeing with the terms set forth in the disclaimer. If this is your first time visiting, we suggest you read the tutorial.

Is there a regimen missing from this list? Would you like to share a different dosage/schedule or an additional reference for a regimen? Have you noticed an error? Do you have an idea that will help the site grow to better meet your needs and the needs of many others? You are invited to contribute to the site.

5 regimens on this page
6 variants on this page


Note that many of the regimens used to treat this disease are generic to acute lymphoblastic leukemia; this page contains regimens that are specific to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (a.k.a. T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma when primarily nodal-based).

Guidelines

NCCN

Pre-phase

Prednisone monotherapy

back to top

Regimen

Study Evidence
Lepretre et al. 2015 (GRAALL-LYSA LL03) Phase II

Chemotherapy

CNS treatment

Patients then proceed to cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, L-asparaginase, vincristine, prednisone reinforced induction.

References

  1. Lepretre S, Touzart A, Vermeulin T, Picquenot JM, Tanguy-Schmidt A, Salles G, Lamy T, Béné MC, Raffoux E, Huguet F, Chevallier P, Bologna S, Bouabdallah R, Benichou J, Brière J, Moreau A, Tallon-Simon V, Seris S, Graux C, Asnafi V, Ifrah N, Macintyre E, Dombret H. Pediatric-Like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Therapy in Adults With Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: The GRAALL-LYSA LL03 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Feb 20;34(6):572-80. Epub 2015 Dec 7. link to original article link to data supplement contains protocol PubMed

Upfront induction therapy

Daunorubicin, Pegaspargase, Vincristine, Dexamethasone

back to top

Regimen, modified ABFM

Study Evidence Comparator Efficacy
See note (COG AALL1231) Phase III Daunorubicin, L-Asparaginase, Vincristine, Dexamethasone, Bortezomib TBD

Note: this regimen is available as a COG protocol but no manuscript has been published yet, to our knowledge. Per the protocol, it is intended only for patients greater than 1 and less than 31 years of age. It is based on the UKALL 2003 backbone, although there are some differences.

Chemotherapy

CNS prophylaxis

  • Cytarabine (Cytosar) as follows:
    • Ages 1 to 1.99: 30 mg IT once on day 1
    • Ages 2 to 2.99: 50 mg IT once on day 1
    • Age 3 and older: 70 mg IT once on day 1
  • Methotrexate (MTX) as follows:
    • Ages 1 to 1.99: 8 mg IT once per day on days 8 & 29
    • Ages 2 to 2.99: 10 mg IT once per day on days 8 & 29
    • Ages 3 to 8.99: 12 mg IT once per day on days 8 & 29
    • Age 9 and older: 15 mg IT once per day on days 8 & 29

4-week course

Treatment followed by cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, mercaptopurine, pegaspargase, vincristine consolidation. Bone marrow biopsy is required after induction, to determine post-consolidation risk stratification and therapy.

References

  1. Vora A, Goulden N, Wade R, Mitchell C, Hancock J, Hough R, Rowntree C, Richards S. Treatment reduction for children and young adults with low-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia defined by minimal residual disease (UKALL 2003): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 Mar;14(3):199-209. link to original article PubMed
  2. COG AALL1231: TBD, see note

Daunorubicin, Pegaspargase, Vincristine, Prednisone

back to top

Regimen

Study Evidence
Winter et al. 2015 (COG AALL0434) Phase II

Chemotherapy

One course

See paper for details of post-induction therapy.

References

  1. Winter SS, Dunsmore KP, Devidas M, Eisenberg N, Asselin BL, Wood BL, Leonard Rn MS, Murphy J, Gastier-Foster JM, Carroll AJ, Heerema NA, Loh ML, Raetz EA, Winick NJ, Carroll WL, Hunger SP. Safe integration of nelarabine into intensive chemotherapy in newly diagnosed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Children's Oncology Group Study AALL0434. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2015 Jul;62(7):1176-83. Epub 2015 Mar 8. link to original article link to PMC article PubMed

Cyclophosphamide, Daunorubicin, L-Asparaginase, Vincristine, Prednisone

back to top

Asparaginase (Elspar) was discontinued by the manufacturer in December 2012, and is now essentially out of stock. Alternatives include Pegaspargase (Oncaspar) or Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi (Erwinaze).

Regimen, "Pediatric-like GRAALL reinforced induction"

Study Evidence
Lepretre et al. 2015 (GRAALL-LYSA LL03) Phase II

Note: This regimen was meant for patients less than 60 years old (up to age 59). Regimen is as per the GRAALL-2003 Study with some minor differences. High-risk patients with an HLA sibling-matched donor or a fully matched (10/10) unrelated donor who achieved CR1 were offered allogeneic stem cell transplant.

Preceding treatment

Chemotherapy

Supportive medications

CNS prophylaxis

One course

See paper for details beyond induction.

References

  1. Lepretre S, Touzart A, Vermeulin T, Picquenot JM, Tanguy-Schmidt A, Salles G, Lamy T, Béné MC, Raffoux E, Huguet F, Chevallier P, Bologna S, Bouabdallah R, Benichou J, Brière J, Moreau A, Tallon-Simon V, Seris S, Graux C, Asnafi V, Ifrah N, Macintyre E, Dombret H. Pediatric-Like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Therapy in Adults With Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: The GRAALL-LYSA LL03 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Feb 20;34(6):572-80. Epub 2015 Dec 7. link to original article link to data supplement contains protocol PubMed

Consolidation after upfront therapy

Allogeneic HSCT

To be completed

References

  1. Schrauder A, Reiter A, Gadner H, Niethammer D, Klingebiel T, Kremens B, Peters C, Ebell W, Zimmermann M, Niggli F, Ludwig WD, Riehm H, Welte K, Schrappe M. Superiority of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation compared with chemotherapy alone in high-risk childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results from ALL-BFM 90 and 95. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Dec 20;24(36):5742-9. link to original article PubMed

Cyclophosphamide, Cytarabine, Mercaptopurine, Pegaspargase, Vincristine

back to top

Regimen

Study Evidence
See note (COG AALL1231) Non-randomized portion of RCT

Note: this regimen is available as a COG protocol but no manuscript has been published yet, to our knowledge. Per the protocol, it is intended only for patients greater than 1 and less than 31 years of age.

Preceding treatment

Chemotherapy

Supportive medications

  • Mesna (Mesnex) "is not required for this dose of cyclophosphamide, but may be administered at institutional discretion."

CNS prophylaxis

  • Methotrexate (MTX) as follows, for CNS3:
    • Ages 1 to 1.99: 8 mg IT once per day on days 1 & 8
    • Ages 2 to 2.99: 10 mg IT once per day on days 1 & 8
    • Ages 3 to 8.99: 12 mg IT once per day on days 1 & 8
    • Age 9 and older: 15 mg IT once per day on days 1 & 8

One course

See protocol for details of treatment beyond consolidation, which is guided by MRD status obtained at the end of induction.

References

  1. COG AALL1231: TBD, see note

Consolidation after salvage therapy

Allogeneic HSCT

To be completed

Relapsed or refractory

Nelarabine monotherapy

back to top

Regimen

Study Evidence
DeAngelo et al. 2007 (CALGB 19801) Phase II

See paper for details about the schedule.

Chemotherapy

21-day cycle for 3 to 4 cycles (or delayed for count recovery)

References

  1. DeAngelo DJ, Yu D, Johnson JL, Coutre SE, Stone RM, Stopeck AT, Gockerman JP, Mitchell BS, Appelbaum FR, Larson RA. Nelarabine induces complete remissions in adults with relapsed or refractory T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma: Cancer and Leukemia Group B study 19801. Blood. 2007 Jun 15;109(12):5136-42. Epub 2007 Mar 7. link to original article contains verified protocol link to PMC article PubMed
Retrieved from "https://hemonc.org/w/index.php?title=T-cell_acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia&oldid=21009"