Temozolomide (Temodar)
General information
Class/mechanism: Alkylator. Temozolomide is converted in vivo to the reactive compound 5-(3-methyltriazen-
1-yl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (MTIC). MTIC causes alkylation of DNA at the O6 and N7 positions of guanine, leading to cell damage and cell death.[1][2]
Route: PO, IV
Extravasation: no information
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias such as Micromedex, Lexicomp, UpToDate (courtesy of Lexicomp), or the prescribing information.[1]
Diseases for which it is used
- Acute myeloid leukemia
- Anaplastic glioma
- CNS lymphoma
- Ewing sarcoma
- Glioblastoma
- Low-grade glioma
- Melanoma
- Myelodysplastic syndrome
- Neuroblastoma
- Neuroendocrine tumor
- Pancreatic NET
- Soft tissue sarcoma
- Small cell lung cancer
- Uveal melanoma
Patient drug information
- Temozolomide (Temodar) package insert[1]
- Temozolomide (Temodar) patient drug information (Chemocare)[3]
- Temozolomide (Temodar) patient drug information (UpToDate)[4]
History of changes in FDA indication
- 8/11/1999: Initial accelerated approval for treatment of adult patients with refractory anaplastic astrocytoma, i.e., patients at first relapse who have experienced disease progression on a drug regimen containing a nitrosourea and procarbazine. (Based on Yung et al. 1999)
- 3/15/2005: Converted to regular approval.
- 3/15/2005: Approved for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) concomitantly with radiotherapy and then as maintenance treatment. (Based on EORTC 22981/26981; NCIC-CTG CE.3)
- 3/15/2005: Approved for refractory anaplastic astrocytoma patients who have experienced disease progression on a drug regimen containing nitrosourea and procarbazine. (Based on Yung et al. 1999)
History of changes in EMA indication
- 1/26/1999: Initial marketing authorization as Temodal.
Also known as
- Generic name: TMZ
- Brand names: Gliotem, Temcad, Temizole, Temodal, Temodar, Temonat, Temoside, Temoz, Temzol
References
- Drugs
- Intravenous medications
- Oral medications
- Triazenes
- Alkylating agents
- Acute myeloid leukemia medications
- Anaplastic glioma medications
- CNS lymphoma medications
- Ewing sarcoma medications
- Glioblastoma medications
- Low-grade glioma medications
- Melanoma medications
- Myelodysplastic syndrome medications
- Neuroblastoma medications
- Neuroendocrine tumor medications
- Pancreatic NET medications
- Soft tissue sarcoma medications
- Small cell lung cancer medications
- Uveal melanoma medications
- EMA approved in 1999
- FDA approved in 1999