Mantle cell lymphoma - null regimens

The purpose of this page is to provide references to "null therapy" such as placebo and observation. While not clinically relevant, these references provide further insight into the historical development of the treatment landscape. See the main mantle cell lymphoma page for current regimens.

Maintenance after first-line therapy

Observation

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Regimen

Study	Years of enrollment	Evidence	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Ghielmini et al. 2004 (SAKK 35/98)	1998-2002	Phase III (C)	Rituximab	Inferior EFS1
Le Gouill et al. 2017 (LyMa)	2008-2012	Phase III (C)	Rituximab	Seems to have inferior OS
Ladetto et al. 2020 (MCL0208)	2010-2015	Phase 3 (C)	Lenalidomide	Seems to have inferior PFS

¹Reported efficacy is based on the 2010 update.
No further treatment.

Preceding treatment

• SAKK 35/98: Rituximab x 4
• LyMa: R-BEAM with autologous HSCT
• MCL0208: BEAM with autologous HSCT

References

1. Unterhalt M, Herrmann R, Tiemann M, Parwaresch R, Stein H, Trümper L, Nahler M, Reuss-Borst M, Tirier C, Neubauer A, Freund M, Kreuser ED, Dietzfelbinger H, Bodenstein H, Engert A, Stauder R, Eimermacher H, Landys K, Hiddemann W; German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Prednimustine, mitoxantrone (PmM) vs cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone (COP) for the treatment of advanced low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leukemia. 1996 May;10(5):836-43. PubMed
   1. Update: Hiddemann W, Unterhalt M, Herrmann R, Wöltjen HH, Kreuser ED, Trümper L, Reuss-Borst M, Terhardt-Kasten E, Busch M, Neubauer A, Kaiser U, Hanrath RD, Middeke H, Helm G, Freund M, Stein H, Tiemann M, Parwaresch R. Mantle-cell lymphomas have more widespread disease and a slower response to chemotherapy compared with follicle-center lymphomas: results of a prospective comparative analysis of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 1998 May;16(5):1922-30. link to original article PubMed
2. SAKK 35/98: Ghielmini M, Schmitz SF, Cogliatti S, Bertoni F, Waltzer U, Fey MF, Betticher DC, Schefer H, Pichert G, Stahel R, Ketterer N, Bargetzi M, Cerny T; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research. Effect of single-agent rituximab given at the standard schedule or as prolonged treatment in patients with mantle cell lymphoma: a study of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK). J Clin Oncol. 2005 Feb 1;23(4):705-11. Epub 2004 Dec 14. link to original article PubMed NCT00003280
   1. Update: Martinelli G, Schmitz SF, Utiger U, Cerny T, Hess U, Bassi S, Okkinga E, Stupp R, Stahel R, Heizmann M, Vorobiof D, Lohri A, Dietrich PY, Zucca E, Ghielmini M. Long-term follow-up of patients with follicular lymphoma receiving single-agent rituximab at two different schedules in trial SAKK 35/98. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Oct 10;28(29):4480-4. Epub 2010 Aug 9. link to original article PubMed
3. LyMa: Le Gouill S, Thieblemont C, Oberic L, Moreau A, Bouabdallah K, Dartigeas C, Damaj G, Gastinne T, Ribrag V, Feugier P, Casasnovas O, Zerazhi H, Haioun C, Maisonneuve H, Houot R, Jardin F, Van Den Neste E, Tournilhac O, Le Dû K, Morschhauser F, Cartron G, Fornecker LM, Canioni D, Callanan M, Béné MC, Salles G, Tilly H, Lamy T, Gressin R, Hermine O; LYSA. Rituximab after autologous stem-cell transplantation in mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017 Sep 28;377(13):1250-1260. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
4. MCL0208: Ladetto M, Cortelazzo S, Ferrero S, Evangelista A, Mian M, Tavarozzi R, Zanni M, Cavallo F, Di Rocco A, Stefoni V, Pagani C, Re A, Chiappella A, Balzarotti M, Zilioli VR, Gomes da Silva M, Arcaini L, Molinari AL, Ballerini F, Ferreri AJM, Puccini B, Benedetti F, Stefani PM, Narni F, Casaroli I, Stelitano C, Ciccone G, Vitolo U, Martelli M; Fondazione Italiana Linfomi. Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in mantle cell lymphoma: results of a Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL) multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2021 Jan;8(1):e34-e44. Epub 2020 Dec 22. link to original article contains protocol PubMed NCT02354313

Maintenance after second-line therapy

Observation

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Regimen

Study	Years of enrollment	Evidence	Comparator	Comparative Efficacy
Forstpointner et al. 2004	1998-2001	Phase III (C)	Rituximab	Seems to have inferior response duration

No further treatment.

Preceding treatment

• FCM x 4 versus R-FCM x 4

References

1. Forstpointner R, Dreyling M, Repp R, Hermann S, Hänel A, Metzner B, Pott C, Hartmann F, Rothmann F, Rohrberg R, Böck HP, Wandt H, Unterhalt M, Hiddemann W; German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. The addition of rituximab to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) significantly increases the response rate and prolongs survival as compared with FCM alone in patients with relapsed and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Blood. 2004 Nov 15;104(10):3064-71. Epub 2004 Jul 29. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed
   1. Update: Forstpointner R, Unterhalt M, Dreyling M, Böck HP, Repp R, Wandt H, Pott C, Seymour JF, Metzner B, Hänel A, Lehmann T, Hartmann F, Einsele H, Hiddemann W; German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG). Maintenance therapy with rituximab leads to a significant prolongation of response duration after salvage therapy with a combination of rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone (R-FCM) in patients with recurring and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: Results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG). Blood. 2006 Dec 15;108(13):4003-8. Epub 2006 Aug 31. link to original article contains verified protocol PubMed