Basics of Pain Management
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Escalation of pain management
Figure 1: WHO's Cancer Pain Ladder for Adults (1986) | |
Figure 2: New Adaptation of the Analgesic Ladder |
References
Figure 1: “WHO's Cancer Pain Ladder for Adults.” World Health Organization, World Health Organization, 27 Nov. 2013, www.who.int/cancer/palliative/painladder/en/
Figure 2: Vargas-Schaffer, Grisell. “Is the WHO analgesic ladder still valid? Twenty-four years of experience.” Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien vol. 56,6 (2010): 514-7, e202-5.