Difference between revisions of "Acyclovir (Zovirax)"

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Also known as Acic, aciclovir, Acivir, Acivirax, ACV, acycloguanosine, Acylete, Apo-acyclovir, Avorax, Axcel, Cusiviral, Cyclovax, Cyclovir, Declovir, Dravyr, Hepirax, Herpevex, Herpex, Herzovir, Klovireks-l, Lovir, Medovir, Pharmaniaga, Saforax, Vacrax, Vicide, Virax, Virest, Virless, Virox, Virucid, Virupos, Xovir, Zevin, Zirax, Zoral, Zorax, Zoraxin, Zoviax, Zovir.
 
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==General information==
 
==General information==
 
Class/mechanism: Antiviral; synthetic purine nucleoside analog which interacts with the viral thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 & HSV-2) and the varicella-zoster virus (VZV).  Thymidine kinase converts acyclovir to acyclovir monophosphate, which is eventually converted via phosphorylation into acyclovir triphosphate.  Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits the replication of viral DNA by prematurely terminating the replicating DNA strand since acyclovir has no 3' end; competitively inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; and inactivating viral DNA polymerase.  Acyclovir has greater activity against HSV compared to VZV because of more robust phosphorylation by the HSV viral thymidine kinase.<ref name="insert">[http://us.gsk.com/products/assets/us_zovirax.pdf Acyclovir (Zovirax) package insert]</ref><ref>[[Media:Acyclovir.pdf | Acyclovir (Zovirax) package insert (locally hosted backup)]]</ref>
 
Class/mechanism: Antiviral; synthetic purine nucleoside analog which interacts with the viral thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 & HSV-2) and the varicella-zoster virus (VZV).  Thymidine kinase converts acyclovir to acyclovir monophosphate, which is eventually converted via phosphorylation into acyclovir triphosphate.  Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits the replication of viral DNA by prematurely terminating the replicating DNA strand since acyclovir has no 3' end; competitively inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; and inactivating viral DNA polymerase.  Acyclovir has greater activity against HSV compared to VZV because of more robust phosphorylation by the HSV viral thymidine kinase.<ref name="insert">[http://us.gsk.com/products/assets/us_zovirax.pdf Acyclovir (Zovirax) package insert]</ref><ref>[[Media:Acyclovir.pdf | Acyclovir (Zovirax) package insert (locally hosted backup)]]</ref>
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==Diseases for which it is used==
 
==Diseases for which it is used==
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*[[Acute lymphocytic leukemia]]
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''No known antineoplastic properties. Widely used to prevent HSV and VZV reactivation in immunocompromised hosts receiving chemotherapy.''
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*[[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)]]
 
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*[[Mantle cell lymphoma]]
 
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*[[Marginal zone lymphoma]]
 
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*[[Multiple myeloma]]
 
  
 
==Patient drug information==
 
==Patient drug information==
 
*[http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/rxlist.asp?articlekey=64694&pf=3&page=11 Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (RxList)]<ref>[http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/rxlist.asp?articlekey=64694&pf=3&page=11 Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (RxList)]</ref>
 
*[http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/rxlist.asp?articlekey=64694&pf=3&page=11 Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (RxList)]<ref>[http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/rxlist.asp?articlekey=64694&pf=3&page=11 Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (RxList)]</ref>
 
*[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/acyclovir-patient-drug-information Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (UpToDate)]<ref>[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/acyclovir-patient-drug-information Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (UpToDate)]</ref>
 
*[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/acyclovir-patient-drug-information Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (UpToDate)]<ref>[http://www.uptodate.com/contents/acyclovir-patient-drug-information Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (UpToDate)]</ref>
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==Also known as==
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{| border="1" style="text-align:center;"
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!colspan="8" align="center" style="background-color:#0066FF"| '''Synonyms'''
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|-
 +
|Acic
 +
|aciclovir
 +
|Acivir
 +
|Acivirax
 +
|ACV
 +
|-
 +
|acycloguanosine
 +
|Acylete
 +
|Apo-acyclovir
 +
|Avorax
 +
|Axcel
 +
|-
 +
|Cusiviral
 +
|Cyclovax
 +
|Cyclovir
 +
|Declovir
 +
|Dravyr
 +
|-
 +
|Hepirax
 +
|Herpevex
 +
|Herpex
 +
|Herzovir
 +
|Klovireks-l
 +
|-
 +
|Lovir
 +
|Medovir
 +
|Pharmaniaga
 +
|Saforax
 +
|Vacrax
 +
|-
 +
|Vicide
 +
|Virax
 +
|Virest
 +
|Virless
 +
|Virox
 +
|-
 +
|Virucid
 +
|Virupos
 +
|Xovir
 +
|Zevin
 +
|Zirax
 +
|-
 +
|Zoral
 +
|Zorax
 +
|Zoraxin
 +
|Zoviax
 +
|Zovir
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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[[Category:DNA synthesis inhibitors]]
 
[[Category:DNA synthesis inhibitors]]
 
[[Category:Nucleic acid analogs]]
 
[[Category:Nucleic acid analogs]]
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 +
[[Category:Drugs FDA approved in 1982]]

Revision as of 14:00, 1 November 2014

General information

Class/mechanism: Antiviral; synthetic purine nucleoside analog which interacts with the viral thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 & HSV-2) and the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Thymidine kinase converts acyclovir to acyclovir monophosphate, which is eventually converted via phosphorylation into acyclovir triphosphate. Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits the replication of viral DNA by prematurely terminating the replicating DNA strand since acyclovir has no 3' end; competitively inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; and inactivating viral DNA polymerase. Acyclovir has greater activity against HSV compared to VZV because of more robust phosphorylation by the HSV viral thymidine kinase.[1][2]
Route: PO, IV, topical
Extravasation: no information

For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias such as Micromedex, Lexicomp, Medscape, UpToDate (courtesy of Lexicomp), or the prescribing information.[1]

Diseases for which it is used

No known antineoplastic properties. Widely used to prevent HSV and VZV reactivation in immunocompromised hosts receiving chemotherapy.

Patient drug information

Also known as

Synonyms
Acic aciclovir Acivir Acivirax ACV
acycloguanosine Acylete Apo-acyclovir Avorax Axcel
Cusiviral Cyclovax Cyclovir Declovir Dravyr
Hepirax Herpevex Herpex Herzovir Klovireks-l
Lovir Medovir Pharmaniaga Saforax Vacrax
Vicide Virax Virest Virless Virox
Virucid Virupos Xovir Zevin Zirax
Zoral Zorax Zoraxin Zoviax Zovir

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Acyclovir (Zovirax) package insert
  2. ↑ Acyclovir (Zovirax) package insert (locally hosted backup)
  3. ↑ Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (RxList)
  4. ↑ Acyclovir (Zovirax) patient drug information (UpToDate)
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