Amifostine (Ethyol)
General information
Class/mechanism: Prodrug of a free thiol metabolite, converted to the active form by alkaline phosphatase, that reduces the cumulative renal toxicity of cisplatin and oral toxicity of radiation by scavaging reactive metabolites and reactive oxygen species. Amifostine is thought to preferentially protect normal tissues because they have higher alkaline phosphatase activity, higher pH, and better vascularity.[1][2]
Route: IV
Extravasation: no information
For conciseness and simplicity, HemOnc.org currently will focus on treatment regimens and not list information such as: renal/hepatic dose adjustments, metabolism (including CYP450), excretion, monitoring parameters (although this will be considered for checklists), or manufacturer. Instead, for the most current information, please refer to your preferred pharmacopeias such as Micromedex, Lexicomp, Medscape,UpToDate (courtesy of Lexicomp), or the prescribing information.[1]
Patient drug information
- Amifostine (Ethyol) patient drug information (Chemocare)[3]
- Amifostine (Ethyol) patient drug information (UpToDate)[4]
- Amifostine (Ethyol) Package Insert
History of changes in FDA indication
- 1995-12-08: indicated to reduce the cumulative renal toxicity associated with repeated administration of cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
Also known as
- Brand names: Cytofos, Ethyol